Articles
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Open Access ASSESSMENT OF GERMINATION AND EARLY GROWTH TRIAL OF Gmelina arborea (ROXB.)(Department of Forestry, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2015-09-26) Egbewole, Z.T.; Elabora, A. A.; Akinyemi, O.The Gmelina arborea is a multi-purpose tree used daily by the forest industries for pulping, light constructions, furniture's and rural communities as fuel wood. a field experiment was carried out to investigate the provenance germination and early growth trial of Gmelina seedlingd. one thousand eight hundred seeds were sourced from 3 different locations namely Akwanga, Nasarawa Eggon and Lafia for germination tests, while 270 seedlings were examined for growth performance. The study was laid in a 3 x 3 factorial experiment in a completely randomnized design, Analysis of Variance was performed to show the the comparative performance of each treatment. Duncan's Multiple Range test (DMRT) was applied to locate where the significant difference occur among the locations and treatments in the measured variables. The result of germination with respect to locations revealed that Akwanga recorded the highest germination percentage of 70.09+- 25.70%, Nasarawa Eggon 66.90 +- 25.24% and Lafia 64.04 +- 22.20%. Also with respect to treatment ,it revealed that( T2- Sundried for 72hrs and soaked in water for 72hrs) recorded the highest germination with 66.61+22.33* uud (T3,Control, 65M±27.24*. The result of growth variables revet****. ^ ^ height of Gmelina arborea seedlings after 12 weeks was 62.04±38.50cm. colla, girth— 14.80+7.13 and leaf area 210.06 +142.84cm\ However, analysis of variance showe^ was a early growth variables assessed at p<0.05. The ^f'^jfl'f'^f^^flijregrcssion analysis on the effects or correlation (r ) between leaf area and plant height (0. meaJng that the assessed growth variables had growth variables on tree plant height had coefficient oJ( ■ viability as it was observed that seed about 95.7% effects on plant height. Seed from different ^“t'ZfffZXrc when raising Gmelina arborea obtained from Akwanga were more viable than the ot ler \o aooropriate seed source and needed preseedlings for plantation establishment, care should be taken to locate appiopnatc a mean treatment method.Item Open Access DEVELOPING STEM TAPER EQUATION FOR TECTONA GRANDIS (TEAK) PLANTATION IN AGUDU FOREST RESERVE, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.(Department of Forestry, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2015-09-26) Shuaibu, Rabi Binta.Stem taper equations were developed for Teclona grandis Iteak) plantalionjn Ztrrr:::zz^ purposely selected to ensure coverage of a full range of tree sices. Four ^0, stent requaum« compared for bias and precision using regression techniques. The data const f • ., .■ . ranted from 11.6 to along the stem; and total height of individual tree. The dbh ranged from -J* .0 to ■ cm, art of each model to predict a 20.6m. SPSS was used to generate the equations. Various criteria were use, 1J°f'™™j20+0.869(Df+0.081(liM)-O.H9(liV/H); specified dependent variable. The four taper equations generated \ ■ o~-n oqa d:=0.162+0.S01(D:)+ 0.069(h/H-1)+0.090(lr/H:-l); lnd=0.156-0.926ln(D)+0.453-h\-0.23J;\nand -n were 0.928 In (D2)+1.183\nCj:-l)-0.597]nC-1). The correlation coefficients of the four models developed 0.97. 0.95. 0.98 and 0.98 respectively, while the coefficients of determination (R-) were 947c. 91% 967c and 967c respectively The F-ratio was significant (p<0.05) with small SEE (0.01. 0.01. 0.02 and 0.05 for the models, respectively). The equation developed was fitted to the data, and the resulting equations possessed desirable statistical properties and model behaviors. Therefoie, aei*. opui0 tnese equations for effective and sustainable management of Teak stands is imperative.Item Open Access SPECIES LIST AND RELATIVE DENSITIES OF SOME RANGELAND PLANT RESOURCES IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA(Department of Forestry, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2015-09-26) Khobe, D.; Akosim, C.; Kwaga, B. T.; Muhammed, I.The study examined the herbaceous and woody plant resources of Adamawa rangelands, northeast Nigeria. The study involved ecological sun’eys. The two ecological zones in the State (Guinea and Sudan savanna) were delineated. The three major range sites in the State: Gongoshi, Guyaku and Chekelek were purposively selected for this study. The checklist of the herbaceous and woody species was obtained using the Whittaker plot method. The Whittaker plot consisted of a 0.1 ha plot that measures 20m by 50m. One hundred and ten (110) herbaceous plant species were identified belonging to twenty (20) families. The most common herbaceous family is the Poaceae family, followed by the Pcipilioniodeae and thirdly by Asteraceae. For the woody plant resources, thirty-Seven (37) species were identified belonging to sixteen (16) families. The most common woody family is the Fabaceae family, followed by the Combretaceae then Ceasalpinioideae and Moraceae respectively. Among the herbaceous plant species found in the area are Borreria verticellata, Aeschynomene indica, Ctenium newtonni, Cymbopogon giganteus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Desmodium scorpiurus, Eragrostis ciBaris, Cynodon dactylon, Crotalaria retusa and Brachiaria falcifera while the Koody plant resources obtained in this study included Acacia erhenbergiana, Boswellia dalzielli, Daniellia oliverii, Bombax costatum, Balanites aegypriaca, Combretum collinum, Vittelaria paradoxum and Terminalia glauscescens..It is recommended that functional laws and effective sun'eillance be put in place to control the incidence of wildfire and planned burning combined with reseeding of the range sites should be encouragedItem Open Access NUTRIENT UTILIZATION, GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND HEAMATOLOGY OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS FED DIETARY GARCINIA KOLA FOR QUALITY FISH PRODUCTION(Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2014-04-13) Sotolu, A. O.; Yakubu, O. S.One hundred and fifty African catfish (mean weight, 673.30-813.30g) were divided equally among five groups in triplicate. Each group is a treatment of graded bitter kola (Garcinia kola) inclusion level for ensuring healthy fish production. Five diets (42% crude protein) containing varying levels of powdered whole seed of G. kola at 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and J.OOg/kg were prepared as treatments Tl- T5 respectively. All groups were fed respective treatment-based-diets for forty-two (42) days during which data on body weight and blood parameters were recorded. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the growth performance and nutrient utilization efficiency. Fish fed 0.25g/kg G. kola inclusion (T2) had the best weight gain and specific growth rate with relative inferior feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio to T4 and 5 (p>0.05). Values of Pack Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin Concentration (Hb) and Red Blood Cell (RBC) count were highest in T2 but they all decreased with increasing levels of G. kola inclusion. White Blood Cells (WBC) count generally decreased from Tl to T5. The bacterial load of the culture medium decreased accordingly with increasing G. kola inclusion in tanks which may be as a result of the antimicrobial effect of G. kola whole seeds. Inclusion of G. kola whole seeds at 0.25g/kg in catfish diet is recommended to ensure successful fish production.Item Open Access PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF FOOD SAFETY AND CONSUMER PROTECTION IN DEVELOPING NATIONS: A case study of NIGERIA. -A Review(Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2014-03-12) Ayo, J. A.; Opasu, A.; Ayo, V. A.Food safety is concerned with all actions taken on food from the primary protection through processing, food distribution and food preparation to the consumers table, to ensure that the food is wholesome, nutritious and free from contamination and jit for human consumption. The review identified some factors which include the wide spread of food borne diseases, high poverty level, environmental pollution, rapid urbanization, massive importation of all kinds of foodstuff and false claim on food label as possible causes offood contamination. The efforts of government in setting up bodies like Food and Drugs Services, National Agency for Food and Drug Administration, National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Standard Organization of Nigeria and the Federal Environment Protection Agency, to protect the consumer was acknowledged. Problems including communication breakdown, outdated laws and regulations, ignorance of consumers, poverty level, and negligence of Food Scientists and Technologist in enacting laws are identified as areas that need urgent attention.Item Open Access AN OVERVIEW OF SESAME PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA FROM 1961 TO DATE: A REVIEW(Department of Agronomy. Nasarawa State University. Keffi. Nigeria, 2011-02-02) Haruna, I.M.; Ajayi, F.A.; Aliyu, L.; Namaka, A.Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) commonly known as Beniseed is one of the cultivated oil seed crops in the world. Since its introduction to Nigeria after the Second World War, it has been regarded as a crop of minor importance compared to groundnut and other cash crops until in 1974, when it became one of the major cash earner in many northern states such as Benue, Gombe, Kano, Jigawa, Plateau, Kaduna, Borno, Nasarawa and Niger states. Huge market potential exists for sesame because the demand for its seeds and products is growing both at the National and International levels. Owing to its previous status as a minor crop, there has been little research efforts on the crop in the past but now, many research on how to enhance its growth and yield to meet the demand of the world teaming population has been intensified. This work therefore outline the major sesame producing areas in Nigeria, the production trend from 1960 to date, gave an overview of production practices across the production areas in Nigeria and discussed the major challenges to sesame production and its prospects to Nigerian economy. In conclusion, the paper recommended among other things: Capacity building on sesame crop improvement and post harvest handling to maintain the quality of produce; introduction and identification of better adaptable cultivars with better resistance to important diseases and pests that wilItem Open Access ACUTE TOXICITY AND BEHAVIOURAL STUDIES OF FRESH WATER FISH CLARIAS GARIEPINU EXPOSED TO N.P.K 15:15:15 FERTILIZER.(Department Of Forestry,Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2016-03-03) Lawee, A. Y.; Kigbu, A. A.; Agyo, K.The study on the acute toxicity and behavioural changes of inorganic (N.P.K 15:15:15) fertilizer on the juveniles of Clarias gariepinus with mean weight 54.3g with corresponding mean total length of 23.13cm and mean standard length of 14.41cm respectively were investigated using static bioassay over a period of 96hours interval. The observed behaviours of the fish were restlessness, loss of balance and period of quiescence and finally death. However, the intensity of these reactions and mucus secretion were more in tanks containing 1.84 and 1.92 gl-1 concentrations of the toxicants. Statistical analysis showed no-significant difference in the mean differences of operculum and tail fin movement. The 96 hours LC50 of the exposed fish was also determined to be 1.74 gl-1. This was observed to be dose-dependent. N.P.K 15:15:15 fertilizer has toxic potential and profound impact on behaviour on Clarias gariepinus juveniles.Item Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WATERING REGIMES AND LIGHT INTENSITY ON THE GROWTH OF ENTANDROPHRAGMA CYLINDRICUM (SPRAGUE) SEEDLINGS(Department of Forest Resources Management, 2016-04-09) A.O., AKINYELE; A.O, ADEGEYE; O.A., AKINRINOLAThe study investigated the effect of watering regimes and light intensity on the growth of Entandrophragma cylindricum (Sprague) seedlings. One hundred and eighty uniformly growing E. cylindricum seedlings were transplanted into polyethylene pots filled with top soil. Seedlings were grouped into four and subjected to different light intensities namely: 100% (L1), 75 % (L2), 50 % (L3) and 25 % (L4). Fifteen single plant replicates were randomly selected from each treatment, exposed to varying levels of watering- once daily (W1), once in two days (W2) and once in three days (W3) and arranged in a 3×4 factorial experiment in completely randomized design. Seedlings height (SH), collar diameter (CD), number of leaves (NL) and leaf area (LA) were assessed weekly. Biomass assessment was determined at the end of the experiment. Light intensity and watering regime had significant effect on CD and NL at 5% probability level. L4 had highest CD; 9.4 mm, and NL; 6.1, while L1 had highest LA; 34.74 cm2. W3 had highest SH; 20.47 cm, CD; 10.24 mm, and NL; 6.3. The results from this study have shown that E. cylindricum seedlings thrive well under shade and in areas with limited rainfall.Item Open Access TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF RATTAN-BASED ENTERPRISES IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA(Department of Forestry, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2014-09-26) Akinyemi, O.; Oluwalana, S.A.; Momoh, S.; Aduradola, M.; Egbewole, Z.T.The study examined the technical efficiency of rattan-based enterprises in South Western Nigeria. Multistage Sampling technique was adopted to select 121 rattan cane processors in Lagos, Ogun and Oyo States and data were collected through administration of structure questionnaire. Stochastic Frontier production function was used to estimate the technical efficiency of rattan-based enterprises. The result of the maximum likelihood estimate of the stochastic Frontier showed that sigma (S = 0.979) and the gamma (Z = 0.183) were statistically significant at 1% probability level. The estimated gamma value indicated that about 18.3% of the variability in output was not explained by the selected explanatory variables. Findings showed that land area occupied by the enterprise and capital were statistically significant respectively (P<0.05). The technical efficiency indices ranged from 0.67 and 0.98 with a mean of 0.85 implying S5% efficiency level. Education and gender were important determinants of technical efficiency (P<0.05) in rattan-based enterprise. The study recommends the need for upgrading the skills and developing the processing capacity of rattan-based enterprises.Item Open Access GROWTH ASSESSMENT, PROCESSING AND USES OF VITELLARIA PARADOXA C.F. GAERTN(Department of Forestry, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2014-01-01) Egbewole, Z.T.; Kuje, E. D.; Akinyemi, O.Item Open Access PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF KANE PLANT (Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill and Perr) IN BAUCHI, NIGERIA(Department of Forestry, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2015-01-23) M. T. A, Aliyu; Y. M, ShuaibuLaboratory experiments were conducted on Kane plants (Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill and Perr.) during the 2011 cropping season. Kane plant (A. leiocarpus) is a graceful tree of the Sahel and Forest zones, belonging to the family Combretaceae. The objectives of the Laboratoiy experiments were to extract and identify the chemical compounds present in the various parts (leaves, stem and root barks) of Kane plant Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill and Perr. This research was therefore conducted with the aims of extracting and identifying the secondary metabolites and quantity present in the leaves, stem and root barks of Kane plant. Fresh leaves, stems and root barks of Kane plant were collected, prepared and subjected to extraction process at the National Research Institute for Chemical Technology (NARICT, Zaria. The extracts were subjected to photochemical screening. The results of the analysis indicated that there were nine chemical compounds present in the various parts of the Kane plant. These includes, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpiniods, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, and cynogenic glycosides . All the chemicals except Phlobotannins were contained in the leaves extracts. The root extract also contained all the compound extracts except Steroids, Terpinoids, and Cynogenic glycosides while the stem extract contained only three of the chemicals (Tannins, Phlobotannins and Saponnins.).The leaves extract contained more compounds than the remaining extracts.