PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF KANE PLANT (Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill and Perr) IN BAUCHI, NIGERIA

Laboratory experiments were conducted on Kane plants (Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill and Perr.) during the 2011 cropping season. Kane plant (A. leiocarpus) is a graceful tree of the Sahel and Forest zones, belonging to the family Combretaceae. The objectives of the Laboratoiy experiments were to extract and identify the chemical compounds present in the various parts (leaves, stem and root barks) of Kane plant Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill and Perr. This research was therefore conducted with the aims of extracting and identifying the secondary metabolites and quantity present in the leaves, stem and root barks of Kane plant. Fresh leaves, stems and root barks of Kane plant were collected, prepared and subjected to extraction process at the National Research Institute for Chemical Technology (NARICT, Zaria. The extracts were subjected to photochemical screening. The results of the analysis indicated that there were nine chemical compounds present in the various parts of the Kane plant. These includes, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpiniods, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, and cynogenic glycosides . All the chemicals except Phlobotannins were contained in the leaves extracts. The root extract also contained all the compound extracts except Steroids, Terpinoids, and Cynogenic glycosides while the stem extract contained only three of the chemicals (Tannins, Phlobotannins and Saponnins.).The leaves extract contained more compounds than the remaining extracts.