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Item Open Access VOWEL SHORTENING AND LENGTHENING RULES IN HAUSA(Department of Nigerian Languages, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2017-09-15) Abba, Sagir Abba; Abba, Sagir AbbaThis paper concerns itself with vowel shortening and lengthening rules in Hausa. It applies the theory’ of generative phonology> in an attempt to find out instances whereby short and long vowels are shortened and lengthened respectively as a result of some linguistic rules. The paper found out that, short and long vowel undergo shortening and lengthening when morphophonological and morphosyntactic rules are applied especially in reduplication, compounding as well as in grade system. Some of the data used in the paper were selected from previous works done on reduplication, compounding and grade system. The idea behind choosing generative phonology’ as a framework, is to illustrate clearly how shortening and lengthening are done from underlying representation to surface form.Item Open Access COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SEGMENTAL FEATURES OF HAUSA AND MADA LANGUAGES(Department of Nigerian Languages, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-10-07) Abba, Sagir Abba; Samuel, Nuhu BabaThe aim of this paper are: a) to identify the similarities and differences between the segmental features of Hausa and Mada languages, and b) to predict learning difficulties among Mada learners of Hausa and Hausa learners of Mada based on this comparison. Learners of Hausa as a second language (HSL, hereinafter) and learners of Mada as a second language (MSL, hereinafter) mostly encounter difficulties as a result of some features of their first languages (LI). Among the sources of difficulty in pronouncing Hausa among Mada speakers and vice versa is segmental deviation. This study compares and contrasts the segmental features of Hausa and Mada. The study is in accordance to Contrastive Analysis (CA), which behavioural and structural linguists founded the theoretical foundations in 1950 and 1960. Since then CA has been used in the second language acquisition studies. Desk research was employed in the course of this study, where data was sourced from existing works on the phonology of Hausa and Mada languages, then diagnosed and arrived at their similarities and differences. The results of the study reveals that, although Hausa and Mada share some segmental features, but the sounds do not behave the same way in the two languages. Hausa has 47 phonemes while Mada has 42 phonemes. These differences in phonological features are assumed to constitute learning difficulties for the L2 learners of the two languages.Item Open Access KATSEWAR MATAKAN ZAKULO KALRAA: TSOKACI A KAN RAFKANWAR FURUCI A HAUSA(Department of Nigerian Languages, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-10-04) Abba, Sagir AbbaWannan maicala ta mayar da hankali ne a kan yanayin rafkanwar furuci a tsakanin rukunin shekaru guda biyu, wato masu (can an an shekaru da masu manyan shekaru. An yi amfani ra’in matakan aiwatar da furuci na Lavelt (1989) da kuma ra’in Rarancin bayanai na Burke da Mackay da kuma James (2000). Haka kuma an yi amfani da ta’arifin sunaye abubuwa da ba fiye amfani da su ba2 wajen tattara bayanai. Binciken ya gano cewa masu manyan shekaru sun fl samun kansu a wannan yanayi na rafkanwar furuci, inda suke kasa furta kalma duk kuwa da cewa sun yi wa abun farin sani. Wannan ya Rara tabbatar da Raruwar rafkanwar furuci ga masu manyan shekaru yana nuna kasawa a matakin tsarin sauti wanda yake hana aiwatar da furuci. Haka kuma binciken ya gano yin matashiya da ga6ar farko ta kalmar da aka nufa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen warware rafkanwar furuci.Item Open Access KALMOMIN JAKADA —MA DA WA — A RUBUTUN HAUSA: BITAR DOKOKIN HACFEWA DA RABAWA(Department of Nigerian Languages, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-11-08) Yusuf, Nuhu Inuwa; Abba, Sagir AbbaJakada dai ajin kalraonii ne na nahawu guda biyu: wa/ma da suke Rulla dangantaka ta hanyar shiga tsakanin kalmar aikatau (so-kar6au) da kar6au tsayayye da kuma karBau ratayayye a cikin jimlolin Hausa. Yayin da - wa - take iya kar6ar bakuncin kalmomin madubi (irin su kaina, kanka, kanki, kansa, kanta, kanmu, kanku, kansu) tare da kowane irin suna a matsayin kar6au tsayayye da ratayayyen karbau a cikin jimla, ita kuma - ma - marabtar tsayayyen wakilin suna (irin su ni, kai, ke, shi/sa, ita, mu, ku, su) tare da kalmar suna a matsayin kar6au tsayayye da kar6au ratayayye take yi a tsari irin na gina jimloli a Hausa. Kusan dukkanin ayyukan da magabata suka yi, musamman ma na Institute of Education (1979), da Bunza (2002), da wasunsu sun fi karkata ga dokar -wa - ne kurum ba tare da sun yi tsokaci sosai game da - ma - ba. Ta yadda maimakon su (fora bisa dokoki da tsari iri daya da na ‘yar’uwarta sai suka rinka kai ta wani bigire na daban. Ta yin la’akari da aiki irin na nahawu, da tsari, da irin gurbin da kalmomin biyu - wa/ma - suke iya cikewa a cikin jimlolin Hausa, to za a gane dacewar tsayar da dokokinsu domin su zamanto iri daya. Saboda ba wani abu ne ya bambanta su ba face ita wannan tana tafiya ne jere da kalmar madubi tare da suna, yayin da ita kuma wancan take zuwa da wakilin suna tare da kowane irin suna a cikin jimloli. Bisa haka ne a wannan takarda aka yi waiwaye domin yi wa tsarin da ake kai a da garambawul dangane da wannan bayani na sama kan cewar kamar yadda ake ware jakada - wa - daga jikin kalmar aikatau idan -wa- din ta gabaci kalmar madubi, ko suna, tare da wani sunan to haka ma za a raba jakada -ma- (mi, mu, ma) daga jikin wakilin sunan da ake lifca ta. Sannan kuma ba za a hade ta da kalmar aikatau din da take gabanta ba, kamar yadda hukuncin - wa- yake a dokoki na nibutu irin na Hausa.Item Open Access LANGUAGE ATTITUDE: SOCIO-PHONETIC VARIATION OF / / AND /h (j)/ IN KANO HAUSA SUB-DIALECT(Department of Nigerian Language, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-11-03) Abba, Sagir Abba; Haruna, Iliyasu Makera; Abba, Sagir AbbaRealization of phonological differences occurs when dialects have the same type of underlying segments that are realized differently. This paper aimed at identifying attitude towards the realization differences between varieties. It is an attempt to elaborate on socio-phonetic aspect of /J7 and /h(j)/ variables, as level of respect or s 18™ accorded to a specific realization. Therefore, the paper is based on variation theory argues that variation is not a haphazard phenomenon but happens systematically. Ethnographic method was employed in the course of the study, where the researcher was actively involved in order to capture first-hand language patterns and attitude of the social actions under study. Result of the study revealed that, stigma is attached the usage of /h(J)/ variety, as the speakers are labeled as villagers by /J/ speakers. In other words, /j speakers have negative attitude towards /h(j)/ speakers.Item Open Access AN ANALYSIS OF MENTAL PROCESS IN THE FICTION RUWAN BAGAJA AUTHORED BY ABUBAKAR IMAM(Department of Nigerian Language, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2023-01-17) Isa, Mukhtar; Ibrahim, Sumayyat Gambo; Abba, Sagir AbbaWith its events and emotions, Abubakar Imam's novel Ruwan Bagaja inspires many readers. Based on it, this study explores Imam's thought process, which was crucial in conveying the author's emotions. On the other hand, the narrative describes how the fiction achieves specific effects and aims to inspire astonishment in the reader. This study specifically aims to understand how the narrator's thinking process expresses his or her feelings. Descriptive analysis was used to evaluate the processes using a systemic functional linguistics approach. Based on the classification of mental process verbs, the processes are categorized. The meaning of the verbs and the accompanying phenomenon was also examined by the researchers based on the context and structure of the verbs. The researchers discovered that the author expressed his affection primarily through emotive processes.