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Item Open Access Analysis of Treatment seeking Behaviour f6r Malaria by Mothers and their Morbid Children in Niger State, Nigeria(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2020-06-06) Abubakar, MahmudThe study analyzed-treatment seeking behavior of mothers and their morbid malaria children. The sample frame for the study is the total number of children aged between 6 and 59 months in households, along with their birth mothers. A total of 332 children and 375 women were selected for the study. The study used Canonical correlation was used to determine a linear combination for each group of variables in a way that maximizes the correlation between the group of dependent variables considered the children's signs and symptoms for Malaria, and the group of independent variables of the mothers: biophysical; environmental; socioeconomic; and access to health services variables. Three canonical functions were selected, concentrating 86.3% of the variability of the relationship among die groups. In the first canonical function, vomiting/weakness Keywords: Malaria, Treatment-seeking behavior, (0.755); convulsion (0.638) were the signs and symptoms of the malaria Infected Children (MIC), and are directly related to the increasing mothers' umber of children (0.573), deteriorating housing condition of mothers (0.805), low-level education of mothers (0.675), and lower pre-natal consultation of mothers (0.768). In the second canonical function, only the mothers' low-level education (0.545) related to the children’s' high body temperature (0.788) the lower the level of the mother's education, the lower the incidence of high .temperature which is a sign or symptom of malaria. In the third canonical function, the sign and symptoms of high body temperature of children (Q.678) is related directly to mothers low- income level. The study concludes that mothers and children were associated concerning convulsion; vomiting/weakness and high bodyItem Open Access Effects of Temperature Variability on Susceptible Vector-Cyc/op Populations Causing Guinea worm Disease in Niger state, Nigeria(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2020-06-06) Abubakar, MahmudThe objective of this study is to determine temperature condition of the model parameters. A populations of the susceptible compartment of quantitative analysis using numeric.'^ experiments vector-cyclop causing guinea worm infection for with Maple software shows direr;: relationship two different temperature conditions; 27°C and 34° between the two temperature conch’ion- and the C; and model their behavior graphically for susceptible cyclop population. The sr^'.ly concludes possible implications of climate change on its that continued monitoring of temperature recurrence. Secondary sources provided the data extremes, adequate and timely control policies are used in this paper. Modified Susceptible Protected essential strategies for wiping out this preventable Infected Treated Recovered (SPITR)mathematical disease, model was used to analyse the data. Stability analysis revealed that the model is locally asymptotically stable under the first temperature matrix, guinea worm, next generation matrix condition, whereas R > 1 under the secondItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY OF HAND-DUG WELLS FOR DOMESTIC USE IN YANDEIKYA, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2015-10-20) Samaila, Ishaya Kunden; Abubakar, Mahmud; Ujih, O.U.; Awaisu, A.H.; Vincent, T.I.Quality assessment of hand dug well water was carried out in Vandeikya, Benue State. The quality assessment was done to determine the suitability of water in the area for domestic use. The grap method of sampling water was employed to obtain ten (10) well water samples from five wards in Vandeikya. The water samples were collected in 500ml plastic containers and laboratory analyses was carried. Result of analysis showed that water in most wells have their properties within the allowable limit considered safe for drinking water recommended by World Health Organization. Though most wells have the concentration of substances within acceptable values for drinking water, turbidity and iron of some wells have exceeded the permissible limit recommended for drinking water. This indicates that the presence of these properties in well water in the area will constitute a pollution problem thus making some of the wells, objectionable for domestic use. To improve the quality in well water there is the need for regular monitoring of water from all sources to ensure that substances in water are within the safe limit consider for domestic use. Boreholes should be provided to improve both quantity and quality water in the area. Treatment of water should be pursued as a way of reducing the intensity of pollutants in water especially along River Aya, the main surface supply source and government should be more responsive in the provision of potable water to the population of the area.Item Open Access PREVALENCE AND TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS AMONG HIV INFECTED PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AT DALHATU ARAF SPECIALIST HOSPITAL, LAFIA AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2018-09-06) Abubakar, MahmudThis study highlighted the prevalence and transmission of Hepatitis CVirus (HCV) infection among HIV Infected Pediatrics Patients (HIV-IPP) at Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia. The main objective of the study is to assess its prevalence, diffusion and the riskf actors associated with pediatric HIV positive patients. A total of 128 respondents were selected, 3 ml of blood samples were collected and screened for HCV using HCV rapid test kits. Fisher's exact test and the Susceptible-Infective-Recovered (SIR) modelwere used to analyze the data. The studyfound 10% HCV seropositivity among male pediatric HIVpatients at 0.000 level of significance, and the risk factors associated with this HCV infection are obscurewarranting further study on epidemiology of this important cause ofl iver disease. The basic reproductive number (RJ of the SIR model determinedusing Jacobian matrix was greater than 1 (Ra = 1.3014), suggesting a highly unique endemic equilibriumthat is locally asymptotically unstable. The study calls on the government, corporate bodies and Non-Governmental Organizations to channel funds into the research and monitoring activities of the HCVfor early detection (through screening) and treatment of identified chronically infected patients as a preventive measure, so that HCV can be eliminated in the shortest possible time.Item Open Access MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO TREND IN NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2018-09-09) Abubakar, MahmudThe objective of the study is to assess the trends in Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) using Poisson probability distribution in order to ascertain whether the policies, programmes and declarations aimed at reducing the scourge of Maternal Deaths in Nigeria have been met. The study relied on secondary data published by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, and the Nigeria Demography and Health Survey. A Poisson recursive formula, Gini Coefficient and Lorenz Curve was used to analyze the data. The Poisson modelp rovides expectedfrequencies that are remarkably similar to the actual frequency of MMR. The two sets offigures are sufficiently similar for the study to accept that the Poisson process is an adequate statement of the distribution of MMR. The calculated Gini coefficient obtained was 0.834 representing the high inequality of the temporal distribution of the number of deaths of children in relation to the number of live births, this clearly vitiates the government's desire to establish a just and egalitarian society in which there is (proportional) equality ofo pportunity for all. The Lorenz Curve shows that 50% of death ofc hildren during the period in question in Nigeria occurred in 32% of the population of live births. Accordingly, the remaining 68% represents the underprivileged or disadvantaged population which is quite sizable. We conclude that the evidence does not contradict the belief that modest gains in MMR reduction appear to have been achieved in Nigeria in the past 25 years.Item Open Access Land Use Factors Responsible for Trace Metal Concentration in Farmlands along River Antau in Keffi, Nasarawa State as Evaluated using PCA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2015-06-06) Abubakar, MahmudContinuous irrigation using polluted water may lead to accumulation of trace metals in the irrigated soil and subsequently, their accumulation in cultivated vegetables above threshold limits of some acid leachable and easily exchangeable Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb. and Zn. Soils from irrigated farmlands were chosen based on their potentials to be contaminated by domestic, municipal and agricultural waste. Soil samples from farmlands were collected and taken for laboratoty analysis. Physical and chemical properties of soil as well as trace metals in the soils were determined. The laboratory values were subjected to Principal Component Analysis that determines the major factors responsible for the variations in the trace metals in the study area. The spatial statistical tools of the Arc Toolbox in ArcGIS software package was use in running the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression that tested the Global Moran’s I in the model; the model results improved when the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was employed. The result shows that 3 components: Pd; Zn; and Fe account for 89.91% of the total variance of the trace metals. The results of the Spatial Autocorrelation test on the model’s regression standardised residuals, indicates a random distribution. The z-score is not statistically significant so the mdl hypothesis of complete spatial randomness of the residual is accepted. Based on the parameters concentrations and the land use impacts it was concluded that domestic and agricultural waste strongly influenced the variation and the quality of irrigated land in the area.Item Open Access A Markovian Analysis in Domestic Violence against Women in Nasarawa State, Nigeria.(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2015-06-06) Abubakar, MahmudThis research was conducted primarily to investigate the application of the Markov model in assessing domestic violence. A Markov Chain (a model also known as Stochastic Process) is a sequence of experiment performed on a system in one of the State; Si, S2 ... Sn> and the outcome of the experiment affect the outcome of the next experiment: the system can change from one State Si to Sj only as a result of experiment. The study area was stratified into three Senatorial districts; each was made up of 3-5 Local Government Areas. At the second stage of the sampling, only households that showed interest in responding to the questions were interviewed. The return probabilities for each phase in each state in the Markovian model were all computed. The study observed that the average number of steps (six steps) for a woman to reach the absorbing state if she starts from any non-absorbing state takes longer time for the violence to reach the resistant stage. At states S2 and S3, the mean number of women not willing to continue with the violence became stable for some time, and later declined as women tried to seek reconciliation. The incident probability had a maximum value of0.8789 initially and began to decrease as the incidence rate increased into the absorbing state; the probability of the violence reduces to zero. At PS4. the probability that the violence was noticed from S3 had a maximum value of 0.8046 and began to decrease as more women became victims of violence due to the cause of the violence; hence the violence dies out eventually as women became more submissive to their husbands. The study concluded that the time of absorption decreases and theItem Open Access PROBLEMS OF LOWER BENUE RIVER BASIN AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT UNDER INCREASED EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2014-01-06) Abubakar, Mahmud; Adamu, Yusuf MuhammadProblems of ecological disaster whether natural or man-induced have been on the increase in Nigeria exacerbated by Climate Change may pose major threat to the Nigerian economy by the year 2020. The objective of this study is to collect, explain and analyze some Hydrometeorological data using conventional statistical methods and derived parameters. The results revealed that annual rainfall curve for Makurdi indicates two periods of increased rainfall and followed by two periods of marked decrease lasting till 2005. In between these periods, the patterns of rainfall are oscillatory. Mean annual areal volume of Actual evapotranspiration is 23, 262.4 x 1 (f ni. Soil moisture deficit is from December to April in Wase basin. The mean annual soil moisture deficit is 312mm, with the annual areal volume of 20, 295.2 x Kf m3. Of the crops grown in the three sub catchment basins, those in southern portion of Katsina-Ala and Wase River Basins are likely to perform better on rain fed agriculture. Organized urbanization has compounded the problems of flooding and erosion in the Lower Benue River Basin — this problem has greatly altered the soil cover from one of woodland savannah in the rural environment to that of open surfaces, build-up slopes and valleys and general over-exposure of the city center to greater surface flow. The study recommends application of rainfall effectiveness indices and hydrological parameters in various problem areas of the Lower Benue River BasinItem Open Access Prevalence of Malaria Infection and Appropriate Treatment for Uncomplicated (simple) Malaria among Primary School Children in Nasarawa State.(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2016-12-12) Abubakar, Mahmud; Samaila, Ishaya KundenThis study was designed to investigate malaria prevalence and rates of parasiteamia among primary school children in Nasarawa State, North-Central Nigeria. The assessed the prevalence of the disease and emphasized the importance parasitological diagnosis in malaria case management among the primary school children in Nasarawa State. A list of all registered primary schools in the state was obtained from the State's Ministry of Education. At the LGA level, the schools were stratified into public (i.e. government-owned) and privately owned schools. At the second stage of the sampling, only schools with 'standard' school clinic were systematically randomly chosen for this study in each of the sampled LGA.Malaria parasite and degree of anaemia were assessed in 588 selected primary school children, using standard parasitological and haematological methods of diagnosis. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excell 2010 and SPSS version 17.0. Data are presented as proportion and frequencies, Z-score were used to compare differenes betwenn public and private schools.Clinical examination was done to determine spleen size. About 12.8% (p = 0.00) of the pupils were positive for malaria parasites, 48.6% were anaemic and 11.3% had spleen enlargement (p = 0.02). Also 4.9% of the study pupils had all three of the symptom. This study ascertained a significant association between malaria infections, anaemia, and splenomegally and identified the study area as a high risk area for malaria.Use of Artemisinin-based Combination Theraphy (ACT) within 24 hours of fever onset is found to be very effctine in early recognition and improved management of uncomplicatd (simple) malaria in a resource limited setting like Nasarawa State. There is need to enhance malaria control efforts through the provision of Rapid Diagnostic Test (RUT) kits in schools to reduce the level of morbidity among children in the study area so as to make them more effective at school.Item Open Access Women Participation in Renewable Natural Resources Exploitation in Nigeria(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2015-11-22) Abubakar, Mahmud; Marcus, Nengak Danjuma; Umar, Osu Ujih; Ibrahim, AdamuThis study is based on secondary data obtained from several complementary sources. Data on arable land covering crop area cultivated, output and yields over time was obtained from Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development; GDP statistics on individual RNRs sectors were obtained from the national income accounts published by the Central Bank of Nigeria. The land use and vegetation data was obtained from the report of the World Bank-supported 1995 Nigeria Forest Resource Assessment (satellite imagery) which assessed Land use-Land Use Change between 1976/78 and 1993/95. Fuel wood data and related statistics were obtained from the Federal Department of Forestry, the FAO website and forestry outlook reports. The micro-level data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) was particularly useful for the purpose of analysing the contributions of non-wood forest products to household incomes and consumption. Probit and Logit regression using aggregate yield index (AGG)for selected crops was developed and regressed against poverty, arable land per farming population, and female literacy, among others variables. The study found that female influence contributes negatively to environment sustainability and improvement in female literacy rate is an important factor towards environmental sustainability in Nigeria. The study concludes that strategic actions needed for sound environmental management require a holistic, multidisciplinary and intersectoral approach hence women's participation and leadership are essential to every aspect of that approach.Item Open Access TREATMENT-SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF MOTHERS FOR CHILDHOOD MALARIA IN NASARAWA STATE, NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA.(Geography Department, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2014-10-02) Marcus, Nengak DanjumaMalaria is one of the primary causes of mortality in children under the age offive years. It is within the context of the need to understand the role of mothers in the treatment of children sufferingf rom malaria in Nasarawa state that this study was carried out to contribute towards the formulation of recommendations for tackling these problems. A multi-stage systematic random sampling technique was adopted and a pre tested structured questionnaire was administered to 1416 representative respondents from six local government areas. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the major predictors of appropriate treatment seeking-behaviour. The study findings showed that there are two groups of healthcare providers in the study area; the modern western health and the traditional healthcare practitioners. There were also those who combined traditional medicine with modem medicine. Chemists and local shops were the commonest (81.3%) sources of help when children have malaria. Mothers who were civil servants were 40.4 times more likely to prefer hospital or dispensary for treatment of childhood malaria than those who were into other occupations. Urban mothers were 35.5 times more likely to seek for treatment within 24 hours than rural mothers while mothers with high and medium knowledge of malaria prevention were 36.3 and 6.3 times respectively more likely to report the use of bed-nets than those with low knowledge of malaria prevention. Urban mothers were 3.2 times more likely to use bed-nets as a strategy to avoid malaria in children than their rural counterparts. The study concludes that since local shops/chemists are the most common source of treatment for childhood malaria in the study area, there should be a focus on improving the quality of services that they deliver, through training and effective regulations.Item Open Access Population Growth and Urbanisation in Nigeria.(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2015-11-09) Marcus, Nengak Danjuma; Abubakar, MahmudThis paper examines the impact of population growth on urbanization in Nigeria. The paper argues that the most basic fact about urbanization in Nigeria from the 1991 census data and projectionsis the increase in the number of urban centres all over the country. In addition, to the increase in the number of urban centres, the proportion of people living in these centres also increased tremendously.The high concentration and rapid increase of population in urban areas is both a cause and effect of the strain placed on the few and inadequate social services in the towns. An examination of the future relationship between population and urbanization strongly demonstrates the need for well articulated urban policy to guide urban growth in the country. This becomes very urgent when it is recalled that the existing cities are already facing problems of chaotic traffic congestion, unhygienic sewage disposal system, inadequate social services, environmental pollution, slums and poverty. The solution to the problems of rapid urbanization and its consequences should be approached at three levels: the rural areas, medium sized towns and the cities. The development of rural areas-through provision of amenities and by stimulating income generating activities will reduce the attractiveness of urban areas and reduce the rate of rural exodus.Item Open Access PATTERNS OF MODERN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES UTILIZATION IN NASARAWA STATE -NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2009-05-01) Abubakar, Mahmud; Sangari, Dalhatu UmaruEvidence from Nigeria Demographic and Health Suney April/May 2003 findings reveals that there were: Low Immunization Coverage, High Infant/Child Mortality, High Maternal Mortality Ratio, High Prevalence of Malaria and High Prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The aim of the study therefore is to examine and explain the geo-spatial variation in the utilization of modern health care facilities in Nasarawa State’s rural and urban locations. Data for the study has been collected through interview technique with a structured questionnaire, using systematic random sampling method. The data were analyzed using Logistic regression analysis. Major findings of the study indicate that inequalities in modern health care facilities utilization have not remained the same between rural and urban areas. Specifically socio-demographic variables are becoming increasingly more important in explaining utilization. Similarly, the study found that small families in rural Nasarawa state are likely to receive care from modern source. The study concludes that, special attention must be taken to raise the rate of utilization of care for morbid people in urban areas and appropriate measures (policy makers) should be taken to regularize the habit of utilization of health care in large families. Finally, the study makes rwo suggestions regarding the allocation of modern health care resources, which are recommended to be included in the allocation formulae; the first concerns the allocation of resources and their relation to need. This may ensure that individual health and social need are more effectively met. The second suggestion concerns the nature of health care in localities, by designing a 4regionalized’ health care system.Item Open Access EVALUATION OF PATIENTS' SATISFACTION OF MODERN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES UTILIZATION IN NASARAWA STATE - NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2009-03-23) Abubakar, Mahmud; Sangari, Dalhatu UmaruThere is growing interest to measure patient satisfaction and collect the views of patients about the services they use. Satisfaction is essential if we have to get people utilize services, comply with treatments and improve health outcomes. This paper prospectively studied current patients' satisfaction of Modem Health Care Facilities Utilization in 21 health centers in Nasarawa State over a four - month's period. Descriptive statistics was largely employed. Participants with respect to preference to traditional medicine were categorized into groups and ranked according to frequency of response. The precision of the proportion of respondent noted to have given a specific category of response was measured by computing the 95% confidence interval around the estimates. Both the time spent on physician-patient consultations (3.9 ± 3.5 minutes) and mean pharmacy dispensing time (28.8 ± 23.7 seconds) were short, resulting in a patient knowledge of prescribed drug dose of 77.7%. No center had an essential drugs list and/or formulary available. An average of 80% of key drugs was available at centers. High medical charges, health workers attitude toward patients' are among other factors responsible for low utilization of health care facilities in Nasarawa State. Baseline data gathered by this study can be used by researchers and health policymakers to monitor and improve patients' satisfaction utilization of health care facilities in Nasarawa State.Item Open Access HEALTH, PLACE AND INEQUALITY: DISTRIBUTION OF HEALTH FACILITIES IN NASARAWA STATE - NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2008-03-06) Sangari, Dalhatu Umaru; Abubakar, MahmudSince the launching of the National Health Policy Initiative (NHPI) in '1996 Nasarawa State has made considerable progress in developing the basic infrastructures of health facilities in the state. This paper examines and evaluates the existing Local Government Areas (LGAs) development patterns of health sendees in the LGAs to see how far the NHPI objectives have been i accomplished. The study has shown that the provision of health care facilities in Nasarawa State j has undergone vast expansion in the last decade. However, improving access for all population 1 sectors is skewed in fazmir of well developed LGAs. Efforts should and can be made to ensure j fairness and equity in the provision and distribution of health care facilities in the state to ensure good health for all.Item Open Access Analysis of Land Use/Land Cover Changes to Monitor Urban Sprawl in Keffi-NIgeria(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2012-12-11) Abubakar, Mahmud; Achide, Anjide SimonItem Open Access HIV/AIDS and Diplomacy of Denomination(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2011-10-20) Abubakar, MahmudItem Open Access SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OK DISEASE INCIDENCES AND DISTRIBUTION IN KEKFI METROPOLIS, NASARAWA STATE - NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2010-08-10) Abubakar, Mahmud; Adamu, Yusuf Muhammad; Sangari, Dalhatu UmaruThe issues of disease incidences and distribution in different areas of the worUl are still an important health problem. The study uses over 4, 000 diagnosed clinical cases collected from four hospitals in Keffi. The diseases were found to be endemic in Lngwar Rimi, Goriya. Iva 2 and l.imabaji cones all within the central areas predominantly in poorly inaccessible and overcrowded residential neighborhoods with deteriorated and deteriorating housing. A ranking of the diseases shows that Malaria has the highest frequency, followed by Measles. Whooping Cough, Hepatitis, Typhoid Fever, Amoebic Dysentery. Acute Diarrhea. Cholera. Encephalitis, Helminthiasis and finally Gastroenteritis respectively. The spatial patterns of the diseases observed indicate that: inadequate opening/windows: closeness of the residential buildings to pollution sources; inaccessibility of the residential areas, the type of medication as well as unhygienic qualities of the housing environment were the significant predictors to the incidence of the diseases in Keffi. The study therefore concluded that higher incidence that may occur can be prevented only if advance information on impending bad housing environment is available and quick response by a way of controlling measure is put in place.Item Open Access Space-based Mapping and Assessment of a Three-decade Urban Landcover Dynamics towards a Smart Federal Capital City, Abuja, Nigeria(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2022-02-28) Bello, Innocent E.; Usman, Umar Bala; Abubakar, MahmudA general notion from majority of researchers noted that connecting rural-urban services with Information Technology (IT), Internet of Things (IoT), Information Communication Technology (ICT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making cities smarter. This is because, the global urban population is expected to grow by 63% between 2014 and 2050 – compared to an overall global population growth of 32% during the same period. The Federal Capital City (FCC), Abuja, Nigeria is no exception to urban population growth which requires IT, IoT, ICT and AI technologies if she must be regarded as a Smart City. This study was, therefore, aimed at mapping and assessing a three decade urban dynamics of the FCC, Abuja, towards ascertaining the suitability of the FCC, Abuja being regarded as a Smart City. Three (3) epochs of Landsat ETM+ data from the US Global Land Cover Facility web platform was analyzed using the maximum likelihood algorithm to process the Remote Sensing images for thirty (30) years time period (2000, 2010, and 2020). The study shows that the urban builtup land cover increased significantly from 72.88 km2 (22.04%) in year 2000 to 145.77km2 (44.09%) in 2020. As the causative alteration of natural vegetation paved the way for urban infrastructure, the study re-affirms a corresponding effects on the decrease in light vegetation cover from 119.85km2 (36.25%) in 2000, to 29.24km2 (8.84%) in 2010, and down to as low as 13.49km2 (4.08%) in 2020. Other land covers also decreased due to population upsurge and physical urban developments. The findings confirm the suitability of the FCC, Abuja as an emerging Smart City as the study further revealed a number of efforts made to digitalized government services through e-governance. The total (overall) accuracy of the supervised classifications of LULC for 2000, 2010, and 2020 images were 97.3%, 99.2% and 99% respectively with corresponding strong positive Kappa statistics of 0.95, 0.99 and 0.97. It is recommended that Smart City initiatives anchored on digital hub tools such as IoT, AI and ICT; Remote Sensing; and GIS Technologies be deployed in the ongoing and future city-wide development initiatives in order to fast track smart, smooth, effective and efficient service delivery in the FCC, Abuja, Nigeria.Item Open Access STUDIES ON THE CONDITIONS OF HEALTH CARE AND SUPPORTING FACILITIES IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2012-12-31) Abubakar, MahmudThis study examines and explains the conditions of modern health care and supporting facilities in Nasarawa State’s rural and urban environments. The study relied on published secondary data collected from statistical and administrative reports of the Nasarawa State’s Ministry of Health, Hospital Management Board as well as Local Government Areas’ Primary Health Care Department. All the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Tables were used to provide additional descriptions and explanations. The study showed the disparity in the standard of health services between rural and urban areas. In fact the more urbanized Local Government Areas have better access to and better quality of health services when compared with predominantly rural Local Government Areas. The spatial variation in these percentages allows pinpointing spatial inequalities. The study recommends that: Decision and policy makers should correct inequalities in access and make every effort to optimize the use of scarce resources. One way to do this is focusing interventions in areas identified by this study, where impact would be greatest.