Department of Geography

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Open Access
ACCESSIBILITY AND AFFORDABILITY OF HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF FISH HOUSING SCHEME AMONG THE STAFF OF OFFICE OF HEAD OF CIVIL SERVICE OF THE FEDERATION ABUJA.
(DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE NASARAWA STATE UNIVERSITY, KEFFI, 2017-03-05) Atah, Achem Christopher
The growing rate of Housing deficit in Nigeria reveals a serious problem most especially among the civil servants working under the Office of The Head of Civil Service. Studies in the past have shown that several administrations in the past have put in place strategies to ameliorate these housing deficits; notable among them is the popular Federal Housing Authority (FHA), Shangri Quarters among others. Yet the housing problem still lingers among the Civil Servants till date. In attempt to proffer solution to the housing problem, the current administration came up with a new Scheme also known as; The Federal integrated Staff Housing Scheme (FISH): With the mandated of providing houses for all Civil servants and other interested stakeholders. However, The Federal Integrated Staff Housing program (FISH) also come with its own challenges which include: delayed in allocation of group land by both FCT and Federal Governments, Non availability of single digit mortgage finance in the open market to support civil servants to procure their property, limited number of real estate developers for affordable housing as opposed to contractors, inability of most civil servants to qualify for mortgage based, on their pay level & sustain mortgage repayment from their meager salary: large number of profile public servants applying for (FISH) Housing is also an issue. The Problem face by developers to source construction finance at a lower interest rate for affordable housing, and the problem of affordability and inaccessibility of the houses by civil servants who met with the set up criteria for acquiring the houses is equally a problem. These among others are the few challenges reveal by this research work. The study also reveals that of the twenty two thousand (22,000) houses promised to be delivered to civil servants by federal governments, only 387 houses are available as at the period of this investigation. The research equally pointed out that, only two hundred and three thousand (203,000) applicants applied for the FISH housing scheme as at the period of this investigation. The research also recommend that there is need for government to provide incentives such as land, infrastructure and even tax holiday for the housing developers in order to bring down the cost of houses to the barest minimum. Secondly, government should make housing provision a priority through deliberate funding of the housing loans board in order to strengthen and effectively fund the FISH Scheme in order to enable it meet up with the demand of the civil servants. Through effective and elaborate collaboration of the joint Board in conjunction with the Federal Mortgage Bank and the Federal Housing Authority (FHA) to jointly solve the lingering accommodation problem bedeviling the civil servants
Open Access
ALLEVIATING SOIL COMPACTION BY ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON CROPPING FIELDS IN A PART OF NIGERIA’S SAVANNA REGION
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 1999-06-12) Ayuba, H.K.; Abubakar, Sani M.
It is well recognized 'that organic amendments in cropping field, especially on long term, alleviate soil compaction. The extent of such however varies clearly with soil condition, bio-climatic conditions of an area, levels of the amendments themselves, cropping history and land management techniques each of which can vary from an area to another. In this article, a brief report is given of a study conducted to examine the combative effects of long term (1961-1991) organic manure amendments on two key indices of soil compaction (bulk density and total porosity) in Konduga area of Nigeria's Suduno-Sahelian region. This was done by examining soils of 15 farmer-managed plots, and those of uncultivated plots under long-standing, semi-natural vegetation cover. The results obtained reveal that even though the cultivated plots vary in age, of between 5-30 years, as at the time of soil sampling (1991), there are very low spatial variations in mean values of the two soil structural properties of the 15 plots. The properties of the cultivated plots have been maintained at about 100% of the values of the same properties of the uncultivated plots. These results thus suggest that on both short and long term bases, the use of organic manure in soil fertility-maintenance-in the study area can possibly reverse the degradation trends occasioned by soil compaction.
Open Access
Analysis of Land Use/Land Cover Changes to Monitor Urban Sprawl in Keffi-NIgeria
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2012-12-11) Abubakar, Mahmud; Achide, Anjide Simon
Open Access
ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL VARIATIONS OF HOUSING ENVIRONMENT AND DISEASES OCCURRENCE IN KEFFI - NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2009-01-06) Abubakar, Mahmud; Adamu, Yusuf Muhammad; Sangari, Dalhatu Umaru
The problem of ill health arising from poor housing environment is a major source of global concern. This study examined the relationships between the quality of urban housing environment in Keffi and the incidence of diseases occurrence in Keffi. The study uses over 4,000 clinical cases collected from four hospitals in Keffi and 300 questionnaires. Analyses of the data have shown housing quality and the rate of disease occurrence in Keffi. Similarly, the scores for the 30 quality variables used revealed inter-zonal differences in urban quality. The diseases were found to be endemic within the central areas, predominantly in poorly inaccessible and overcrowded residential neighborhood with deteriorated and deteriorating housing as 68 per cent of incidences are explained by environmental quality. However, only 41.4 per cent of the variation is determined by environmental quality. The study recommends on the housing improvement to enhance the health status of the residents, social responsibility; emphasis on such community sanitation strategies as enlightment campaign and other control measures among others. Action necessary at the policy level should include the review of the State’s health policy to focus more on environmental health and preventive health care. The policy should facilitate the people’s capacity to maintain and manage a clean environment through decentralized functions.
Open Access
ANALYSIS OF TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF AIR PASSENGERS AND CARGO TRAFFIC IN NNAMDI AZIKWE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, ABUJA - NIGERIA
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2012-01-06) Abubakar, Mahmud; Ogah, M.; Gunda, D.R.; Adamu, Y.M.
Abstract: In the 19905 and 20005 air traffic in Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport (NAIA) Abuja has been on the increase resulting from government's vigorous provision of modern Navigational Facilities thus contributing to safe flight within the Nigeria Airspace. The study relied on secondary data sourced from internet; journals and published data obtained from the records of Federal AirportAuthority of Nigeria, N igeria Civil Aviation Authority as well as the Federal Ministry ofTransporfs statistical data of yearly air-passengers and cargo movement atNAIA Abuja from 1 999 to 2009 for airpassengers movement and 2004 to 2009 for cargo movement. Descriptive statistics were largely employed in addition to Time Series and Ordinary Least Square methods for forecasting future trends. The study revealed that annual trends of air-passengers (1 999 to 2009), cargo movement from 2006 to 2009 in NAIA is on the increase. The minimum is 3939 in 1999 and the maximum is 3,199,438 in the year 2009. The mean is 16,146,145 while the standard deviation (SD) is 1,040,000 the coefficient ofvariation (CV) is 64.4% to show that the passenger movement atNAIA over the said period significantly varies. The percentage change generally shows rapid increase from the base year (1999) from 215% in the year 2000 to 54.75% in the year 2009. However, slight decrease of passenger movement was recorded in the year 2005 (-3.1%); and 2006 (-8.3%) due to plane crash (SOSOLISO) that occurred on 23" October, 2005. The study recommends that there is an urgent need for better improvement of the aviation facilities, and equipment; there is also the need for on-job training as the world of aviation is changing daily, owing to rapid innovations in the world of technology as well as improved budgetary allocation for aviation by the government.
Open Access
Analysis of the Relationship between Wildfire Occurrences and Population Trend within the Shores of Lake Chad Basin Using Geoinformation
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-03-01) Dami, A.; Ayuba, H.K.; Bila, M.
The study focuses and examines the relationship that exists between wildfire occurrence and the population trend within the shore of the Lake Chad. Geospatial analysis of fire pixel counts from MODIS images of the period 2001 – 2009 was performed to determine the relationship between the wildfire occurrences and the population trend. The interpretation of SPOT panchromatic imagery in combination with field survey provided perimeters of settlements and estimated population in the area with the highest fire density in the north basin of Lake Chad. Major findings shows that the distribution of wildfires on the floor of Lake Chad for the period 2001-2009 reflected a spatial relationship with the distribution of vegetation and a temporal relationship with the seasonality of human-ecosystem interactions. The total number of fires recorded on the Lake floor is 25,690 leading to a burnt area of 19,274 km2. The population trend however, is increasing while that of wildfire occurrences is decreasing. The increasing trend in population against a decreasing trend in wildfire occurrences is an indication of the gradual conversion of the wild habitat between the old and the new shorelines of Lake Chad through human-ecosystem interactions from wild land to human occupation and exploitation.
Open Access
Analysis of Treatment seeking Behaviour f6r Malaria by Mothers and their Morbid Children in Niger State, Nigeria
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2020-06-06) Abubakar, Mahmud
The study analyzed-treatment seeking behavior of mothers and their morbid malaria children. The sample frame for the study is the total number of children aged between 6 and 59 months in households, along with their birth mothers. A total of 332 children and 375 women were selected for the study. The study used Canonical correlation was used to determine a linear combination for each group of variables in a way that maximizes the correlation between the group of dependent variables considered the children's signs and symptoms for Malaria, and the group of independent variables of the mothers: biophysical; environmental; socioeconomic; and access to health services variables. Three canonical functions were selected, concentrating 86.3% of the variability of the relationship among die groups. In the first canonical function, vomiting/weakness Keywords: Malaria, Treatment-seeking behavior, (0.755); convulsion (0.638) were the signs and symptoms of the malaria Infected Children (MIC), and are directly related to the increasing mothers' umber of children (0.573), deteriorating housing condition of mothers (0.805), low-level education of mothers (0.675), and lower pre-natal consultation of mothers (0.768). In the second canonical function, only the mothers' low-level education (0.545) related to the children’s' high body temperature (0.788) the lower the level of the mother's education, the lower the incidence of high .temperature which is a sign or symptom of malaria. In the third canonical function, the sign and symptoms of high body temperature of children (Q.678) is related directly to mothers low- income level. The study concludes that mothers and children were associated concerning convulsion; vomiting/weakness and high body
Open Access
Analysis of Tree Species Preference and Reasons among Commercial Charcoal Producers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-04-02) Ekpo, Salamatu Abraham; Ayuba, H.K.; Danjuma, Marcus N.; Ogah, Tanko Adamu
Commercial charcoal production has over time become an indispensable means of livelihood among rural settlers in Nasarawa State. However, charcoal production involves woodland exploitation which contributes to deforestation. Considering the growing significance of charcoal in rural and urban livelihoods in Nasarawa State, this paper analysed the preference of tree species and reasons among commercial charcoal producers in Nasarawa State in view of identifying endangered species and suggesting measures to ensure sustainability of the business. The study employed descriptive survey using both qualitative and quantitative data drawn from primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was administered to 450 respondents randomly sampled from commercial charcoal producers drawn from 6 communities and 3 LGAs of Nasarawa State. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were also conducted and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Microsoft Excel and SPSS (version 23). A total of 22 tree species were identified as usable for charcoal production in the study area. Investigation into the producers’ preference of tree species showed that eight (8) were mostly preferred out of which Anogeissus leiocarpus (Marke) (57.3%), Erythrina senegalensis (Madri) (52.2%) and Prosopis Africana (Kirya) (49.1%) were among the top three. Marke, Kirya and Madri were the most preferred species in Akwanga, Doma and Karu production areas respectively. High charcoal yield, good combustion quality, high heat content of resulting charcoal, less ash production were the main reasons for their preferences. Most of the preferred tree species have been depleted to the point that they are no longer commonly found for use among commercial charcoal producers in the state. The most endangered species due to commercial charcoal production were Anogeissus leiocarpus (Marke), Erythrina senegalensis (Madri) and Prosopis Africana (Kirya). However, pressure is currently on Teminalia glocosece (Baushe/Uko), Andira inermis (Gwaska), Ficus Spp (Baure), Vitellaria paradoxa (Kede) and Gardinia aqualla (Gaude) due to the difficulties in finding the endangered ones which constituted the most preferred species among producers in Nasarawa State. It was recommended that state energy policies should incorporate a law recognizing charcoal as a key source of energy in the State, thereby encouraging investments in the activity of commercial charcoal producers. Furthermore, conservation plans and practical measures of replacing the extracted trees from woodlands/forests for commercial charcoal production should form the basis for license issuance for charcoal production
Open Access
Analysis of Wildfire Occurrences within the Shores of Lake Chad using Geo-information Technology
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2011-11-01) Ayuba, H.K.; Dami, A.; Mohammed, Bila D.
Geographic Information Technology provides an important tool in modeling ecosystem dynamics. One of the drivers of ecosystem change in the Lake Chad Basin is wildfire. This paper examines the historical spatial patterns of wildfires and employed a trend analysis using Geographic Information System (GIS) technique in analyzing fire pixel counts from MODIS images of the period 2001-2009. The results revealed a declining trend in wildfire occurrences and a non-linear relationship in the numbers of wildfire occurrences for the period 2001-2009. This is due to the interplay of several factors such as human influence, winds, temperature changes, and the type, extent and spread of vegetation. During the period under study, the total number of fires recorded in the Lake floor is 25,690 with a burnt area of 19,274 km2 The highest number of fires occurred in 2001, with varying figures in subsequent years. The highest number of fires in 2001 may be connected to the extent of flooding and the subsequent invasion by vegetable biomass on the Lake floor after the recession of floods. The decline in wildfires is indicative of the fact that the biomass within the lake floor, which would ordinarily have been burnt, is now being cleared to make way for farmlands. The declining trend in wildfires on the lake floor of the Lake Chad Basin is seen as a good development for the basin.
Open Access
ANALYSTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGER DELTA NIGERIA
(DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES NASARAWA STATE UNIVERSITY, KEFFI, 2021-05-23) Odele, Muyiwa Olaitan
There have been growing awareness that the earth's climate is changing at an alarming rate with several source of livelihood becoming vulnerable to the impacts of the change. It is against this background that this study analysed the impact of climate change on farming and fishing livelihood in Bayelsa State with the aim of determining the perception of farmers and fishers about, climate change the level of their livelihood vulnerability to its impact. The study adopted cross sectional household survey and multi-staged sampling techniques to sampled 400 (200farmers and 200 fishers) respondents from three LG As and twelve communities. Data for the study was obtained through the use of questionnaire and structure interviews and were analysed using statistical tools of frequencies, means, percentages, and standard deviation as well as two types of livelihood vulnerability index rating. The study reveals that the sampled respondents had good perception of climate change with majority (92.75%) relating it to increasing daily temperature. Among the perceived impact of climate change on framing livelihood in the study area, decreased quantity and quality of crop yield with mean values of 3.75 was perceived to be of the highest effect of climate change by the sampled farmers while for fishing livelihood, it was increasing difficulty of access/increasing distance to fishing ground (3.72). The most favoured on-farm adaptation strategy by farmers was changing of planting time (92.5%) and livelihood diversification for off-farm livelihood diversification (95%) while fishers also preferred to diversify their livelihood sources to non-fishery activities (93.5%). Both farming and fishing livelihood were found to be moderately vulnerable to climate change impact, with overall livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) of 0.392 and 0.390 as well as -0.086 and -0.089 (for IPPCLVI approach) respectively. Despite exposure to natural disaster (flood) and climate variability, social network remained the most important causal factor that explained farming and fishing livelihood vulnerability in the region by impacting negatively on adaptive capacity due to poor interpersonal relationship among the fishers and farmers. It was recommended that; both farmers and fishers in the study area are advised to collaborate with one another, form associations or join existing relevant, one as this would help them adapt to or cope with the impact of climate change on their livelihood through giving of all forms of assistance and sharing of information which will enhance their adaptive capacity.
Open Access
An Appraisal of Some Tree Species Diversity Loss in Keffi Region, Nasarawa State - Nigeria
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State State University Keffi, 2013-01-03) Abubakar, Mahmud; Yusuf, M.A.; Rabiu, M.U.
In Nigeria the felling of savanna woodlands has frequently led to soil erosion, reduced crop yield and lost of land quality, thereby exacerbating the process of global warming, which is a critical factor of Climate Change. Vegetation samples were collected along transects in Keffi. Data were collected from quadrants measuring 40m x 25m totaling 30 sampled quadrants. On each quadrant, information collected includes: type of tree species; percentage of vegetation coverage; the number of common species present; soil samples on each direction as well as data on environmental change. Descriptive statistic of mean, median and percentage with some representation in form of table and graph provide additional description and explanation in addition to Spear man rank correlation coefficient. Test on particle size distribution (PSD), available phosphors (AP), soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and organic carbon (OC) content were also analyzed. The results revealed that soil is generally sandy (about 76% and of low nutrient status with low organic carbon (1.38%) and low organic matter (2.30%), thus low vegetation growth. In this case, low vegetation growth rate can be sustained through improved biodiversity management. In addition to the cutting of trees for crop production, fuel wood and increasing aridity (salinity, 3.25), the construction work embarked upon by the people had led to further clearing of site (destruction of vegetation) for erecting building structures. The study recommends that: a large percentage of the land area- be carved out and designated as “GREEN AREA”. This green area will in the short run preserve some native species of the Keffi region for the purpose of observation and experimentation, while in the long run will contribute to the reduction of Green House Gas (GHG) emission as suggested by the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol (1997), the Nigeria REDD+ (2010); and also improve land productivity, thereby contributing to the Sustainable Development and Agenda 21“ focus on meeting basic needs as part of adaptation and mitigation measures.
Open Access
AN APPRAISAL OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MASAKA AREA OF KARU L.G.A, NASARAWA STATE
(Department of Geogeraphy, Nasarawa State University, keffi., 2017-12-03) Saheed, Matti-Balogun O.
This study Examines Solid Waste Management in Masaka, Karu EGA Nasarawa state. One hundred and twenty (120) Questionnaires were administered to the public and Nasarawa State 1 Environmental Protection Agencies (NASEPA). There are two method of data collection; primary sources of data collection in this research were derived from observation, interview land questionnaires. Administered to household in the study area. Secondary source of data j collection which includes, Journals, textbooks, magazine, internet and information on i 1 activities of Karu area planning Development Authorities (KAPDA) will be collected from Nasarawa Urban Development Board (NUDB) in terms of waste management in the study [area. The results obtained where tabulated an d by the use of simple descriptive statistics \ which are percentage bias, they were then discussed. (At the end, the results of the analysis j have shown that there is no effective solid waste management practice in Masaka, Karu L.G.A. Nasarawa State. This can be attributed to the fact that, designated dumping sites are located faraway from refuse generated points and are fewer in number, white some areas there are , no dumping sites. In addition most of the available facilities for waste evacuation by agency \ condemned are in bad condition; couple with the problem of inadequate staff strength and I finance. For sure, the poor pattern of wastes management observed for study area constitutes 1 both potential health hazard and nuisance to the environment. To address this menace, effective wastes management strategies such as: The enlightenment of inhabitants on the need of clean and healthy environment Allocation of more designated dumping site and regular waste collection. Adequate funding should be provided. Waste recycling should be encouraged Privatization of refuse collection, management and disposal will also , ensure efficient management of refuse.
Open Access
Appraising the Performance of Micro Finance Banking On Rural Development in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2014-09-01) Nasiru, Idris Medugu; Labaris, A.; Yusuf, K.S.; Barde, M.M.
The law establishing Micro Finance (Community Banks) in Nigeria was signed in 1990, the aim of the Federal Government was to use it as a tool to accelerate cash flow and development within the rural economy. This study focuses on assessment of the performance of community banks on the transformation of the rural economy from where they are located. 10 of the 13 functioning community banks in Nasarawa State, Nigeria were randomly selected with at least three each from the three Senatorial districts to enable us view their functional involvement in rural development issues.500 questionnaires were also administered to the customers of these banks, representing a 10% of the total customers within the rural environment. Results from the study indicated that community banks fared well in the area of special loan schemes, rural customer size, direct rural investments, and rural income generation programmes. Variation also existed in the area of composite scores using Z score analysis and appropriate recommendations are suggested accordingly.
Open Access
ASESSMENT OF DROUGHT INDUCED LAND COVER CHANGES IN GAJIRAM AREA OF BORNO STATE USING LANDSAT MSS SATELLITE DATA
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2001-06-01) Ayuba, H.K.; Abubakar, Sani M.
Drought is a principal factor governing land cover charges of land degradation in such ecosystems. Satellite remote sensing is a good cool of directing such changes. In this paper, the impact of Nigeria 's 1984 drought on land cover was examined by analyzing 1980 and 1987 digital Landsat MSS satellite data of Gajiram area of Borno State, Nigeria.The two data were radio-metrically and geometrically corrected, registered to a common map projection and then each subjected to a maximum likelihood unsupervised classification to produce a land cover map for each date. The two independently classified maps were then compared within the framework of Geographical Information System to evaluate the magnitude of changes in each land cover between the two dates. The results obtained revealed that between the two compared periods, the various land cover types have undergo the following changes in their special extents: Built-up (+100) Bare(+125%). Grass and Herbs (+13%) Shrubs and Grasses(+43%), Open Tress and Shrubs (-12%), Thcrr.bush t-4IVoi. Forest (-27%), Thickets (-45:>,. oi:d Ha&r (-60%). Possible underlining reasons for the observed changes, and their implication for land development in the area have been discussed.
Open Access
ASSESSEMENT OF WATER QUALITY FOR DOMESTIC USE IN IDEME RIVER OF OKPOKWU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BENUE STATE, NIGERIA
(DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY, FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, NASARAWA STATE, 2019-11-02) OMAGA, ELACHI DANIEL
This study is aimed at assessing the water quality for domestic use in Ideme river of Okpokwu Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. The study adopted both primary and secondary methods of data collection. The analytical research design was adopted and the target population for the study is 176,647 people who are residents of the study area. Water samples were taken from three sampling points, Upstream, Midstream and Downstream along the Ideme River line and were analysed in the laboratory for the presence of selected heavy metals, some disease causing microorganisms and the water quality index, using standard procedures. Results obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance and p< 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. A comparison of the mean concentration of the selected heavy metals with the World Health Organization-WHO Standard For Drinking Water indicates that the concentrations of Pb 0.015mg/l, Co 0.026mg/l, Cr 0.06mg/l and Cd 0.005mg/l in the Ideme river are higher than the permissible limit except for Cu 0.85mg/l and Zn 3.36mg/l. There was no significant difference in the concentration of heavy metals across the studied stations (P>0.05). The results obtained shows Vibro Cholerae is 21cfu/ml at the Downstream, E.Coli is 22cfu/ml at the Upstream, Salmonella is 7cfu/ml at the Midstream and Entamoeba Hystolitica is 19cfu/ml at Downstream. At the sampling points, the Water Quality indexes were 66.02%, 70.80% and 75.90% respectively. These values fell in the poor water range of 51 to 75% on the Water Quality Index Scale. This implies that the Ideme River has a poor water quality and consequently not suitable for drinking and other domestic use. It is recommended that the Okpoga people, community leaders and other community based non-governmental organizations ensure that there are best sanitary practices around the Ideme river through awareness creation on the health risks associated with consuming untreated water from Ideme river due to the high concentration of some heavy elements and presence of disease causing microbes and that the government should initiate projects for the construction of sustainable portable water facilities in Okpokwu.
Open Access
ASSESSING EVIDENCE FOR SOIL DEGRADATION IN THE SEMI-ARID RANGELAND OF YOBE STATE, NIGERIA.
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2001-01-01) Ayuba, H.K.; Abubakar, Sani M.
This paper examines soil chemical degradation in one of the largest statutory grazing reserves in Yobe State, Nigeria (The Jakusko-Nasari grazing reserve). Soil samples were collected and analysed using standard Held and laboratory techniques. To compute the indices of soil degradation, the mean value for each soil parameter used in the grazed plots (the heavily grazed, moderately grazed and light grazed sites) is expressed as a percentage of the mean value in the Savanna woodland site (the reference location); and the value obtained is subtracted from 100. The results reveal an enrichment of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and other soil nutrients in the heavily grazed sites close to the water points. This suggests a net transport of nutrients from the outlying areas inwards towards the water points! In spite of this pattern, the nutrient status of the soil is significantly lower than those of Southern Guinea Savanna, it was recommended that the rangeland he reseeded with promising legumes such as Slylosanthes species and Alylosia Scarabaciodcs in order to help fix nitrogen, thus increase soil nutrient; improve soil structure and increase ovcrallTangc productivity.
Open Access
Assessing Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Factors for Johor-Bahru by Analytical Hierarchy Process
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-04-01) Nasiru, Idris Medugu; Abba, A.H.; Noor, Z.Z.; Aliyu, A.
Management of solid waste involves collection, transportation, treatment and safe disposal to landfills. These activities create a lot of impacts to the environment and most of the time impose social and financial burden on authorities handling solid waste management as well as the community. Local authorities managing waste are confronted with problems, protests and resistance from the public because of difference of views and perceptions on impacts created by waste management plans. This paper assesses some environmental, social and economical impacts viewed by stakeholders in the city of Johor Bahru Malaysia. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a multicriteria decision making analysis tool is used to evaluate the views of the stakeholders with the aid of super decision software. Stream ecology, flora and fauna, habitat depletion, land use and air quality are ranked higher for environmental factors/impacts. Public awareness health and safety, population size and cooperation from the public dominate the social factors. Regulation, landfill capacity, operation and maintenance cost and capital cost dominate economic factors/impacts. Four alternative disposal plans (landfilling, recycling, incineration, composting) were proposed and ranked according to the priorities of the stakeholders. Incineration and recycling were preferred to landfilling and composting disposal options.
Open Access
Assessing Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management Factors for Johor-Bahru by Analytical Hierarchy Process
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2013-04-01) Nasiru, Idris Medugu; Abba, A.H.; Noor, Z.Z.; Aliyu, A.
Management of solid waste involves collection, transportation, treatment and safe disposal to landfills. These activities create a lot of impacts to the environment and most of the time impose social and financial burden on authorities handling solid waste management as well as the community. Local authorities managing waste are confronted with problems, protests and resistance from the public because of difference of views and perceptions on impacts created by waste management plans. This paper assesses some environmental, social and economical impacts viewed by stakeholders in the city of Johor Bahru Malaysia. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a multicriteria decision making analysis tool is used to evaluate the views of the stakeholders with the aid of super decision software. Stream ecology, flora and fauna, habitat depletion, land use and air quality are ranked higher for environmental factors/impacts. Public awareness health and safety, population size and cooperation from the public dominate the social factors. Regulation, landfill capacity, operation and maintenance cost and capital cost dominate economic factors/impacts. Four alternative disposal plans (landfilling, recycling, incineration, composting) were proposed and ranked according to the priorities of the stakeholders. Incineration and recycling were preferred to landfilling and composting disposal options
Open Access
Assessing the vulnerability of farmers, fishermen and herdsmen to climate change in Nigeria
(Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-09-01) Nasiru, Idris Medugu; Adati, Ayuba Kadafa
This research is aimed at assessing the vulnerability of farmers, fishermen and herdsmen to climate change in Nigeria. The study was motivated to examine the underlying causes and assess the degree of vulnerability as well as examines the conflicts between farmers and herdsmen as a result of climate change.This research employed the use of quantitative and qualitative,means of data gathering techniques as well as physical observations. Six states (Kebbi, Adamawa, Nasarawa, Osun, Ebonyi, and Akwa Ibom) were selected on the ground that they are key food production areas within the ecological zones of the country and are therefore essential to continual food security in the country. More so, they double as fishing communities in order to aid the comprehensive study of all the effects of climate change on farmers and fishermen alike. The study observed that the level of vulnerability of rural dwellers most specifically farmers, herdsmen and fishermen to climate change is very high due to their socioeconomic, ethnic and historical perspective of their trend. The study therefore recommends that urgent step needs to be put in place to help control natural hazards and manmade disasters. However, serious measures is also needed in order to minimize severe societal, economic and political crises; some of which may either escalate to violent conflicts or could be avoided by efforts of conflict resolution and prevention by the initiation of a process of de-escalation together by applying the best-fit adaptive and mitigation measures to climate change vulnerability in rural communities of Nigeria.
Open Access
ASSESSMENT OF AIR QUALITY CONDITIONS AT JULIUS BERGER AND LAFARGE FACILITIES IN IDU INDUSTRIAL AREA AND ADVERSE EFFECTS
(Geography Department, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-12-01) Victor, C Nwachukwu
Over the past years, efforts have been made by the Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) to boost rapid development of the Idu industrial layout. Industrial operations in Idu industrial area are fast rising, and these operations are very likely to contribute to air pollution. The main aim of this study is to assess air quality conditions within Idu industrial layout, specifically at Julius Berger and Lafarge industry sites. Primary data was obtained around the vicinity of the facilities using air quality monitoring equipment: Extech® (easy view CO2 analyzer); MET ONE® HHPC 3+ and MSA ALTAIR® 5x Multi Gas detector. Questionnaires were also administered. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and XLSTAT. Specifically, analysis of variances (ANOVA) and analysis using frequencies, percentages, graphs and pie charts were applied. Results showed that mean concentrations of air pollutants do not exceed the respective FMEnv limits and that no severe environmental or health risks currently exist. Conclusively, this study established that CO, SO2, NO2, C02, H2S and SPM are presently emitted in the Julius Berger and Lafarge vicinities with significant variations but at concentrations not posing severe risks. It is recommended that air quality monitoring reports from cement manufacturing companies be forwarded to regulatory agencies for the purpose of quality control and assurance; monitoring and evaluation and decision making.