Browsing by Author "Mairiga, Abdullahi M."

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    The Effects of Glyphosate and Multrazine on the Abundance and Diversity of Soil Microarthropods at the University Park, University of Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
    (Department of Zoology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2017-01-11) Mairiga, Abdullahi M.; Umeozor, Odidikac; Gbarakoro, Tambeken
    The effect of two herbicides, Glyphosate and Multrazine on the abundance and diversity of soil microarthropods (Mites and Collembolans) was assessed in a field experiment conducted from August to December, 2011 at the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The herbicides were applied at varying doses of low (1.4 ml/m2 active ingredient; a.i, standard (2.8 ml/m2 a.i) and high (5.6 ml/m2 a.i) for Glyphosate; and low (2.1 ml/m2 a.i), standard (4.2 ml/m2 a.i) and high (8.4 ml/m2 a.i) for Multrazine; and control was included. The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with six replicates arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Moist soil samples were randomly collected from treated and control plots at the depths of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm, and 15-20 cm, with an 8.5 cm2 diameter bucket-type auger. A total of 1080 soil microarthropods comprising of 931 mites and 149 Collembola were recorded. Oribatid mites were the dominant group being present at each sampling period. Total soil micro arthropods collected were 554 Oribatid mites, 377 Mesostigmata and 149 Collembola. The highest number of soil micro arthropods was recorded from the control treatment although this was not significantly different from the numbers recorded from low and standard doses of Glyphosate. All the three levels of Multrazine treatments significantly reduced the population of micro arthropods compared with all the three levels of Glyphosate. Both herbicides completely eliminated Collembola from the treated plots. In all the treatments, fewer soil micro arthropods were recorded as soil depth increased.
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    EFFECTS OF HERBICIDES ON SOILMICROARTHROPODS RICHNESS AND DISTRIBUTION IN TROPICAL SOILS IN NIGERIA
    (Department of Zoology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-07-10) Mairiga, Abdullahi M.
    This study investigated the effects of herbicides on soil microarthropods richness and distribution conducted from August to December 2017 in tropical soils in Nigeria. A split-plot design with six replicates arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design was adopted. The doses for glyphosate were treated to the plots as low (1.4ml/m2 active ingredient), standard (2.8ml/m2 a.i) and high (5.6ml/m2 a.i), and for multrazine, as low (2.1ml/m2 a.i), standard (4.2ml/m2 a.i) and high (8.4ml/m2 a.i) with a control included. Moist soil samples were randomly collected from treated and control plots with an 8.5 cm2 diameter bucket-type auger at the depths of 0-5cm, 5-10cm, 10-15cm, and 15-20cm between the hours of 8 to10am. A total of 14 soil microarthropods comprising Cryptostigmata (8), Mesostigmata(3)and Collembola(3) were recorded. Oribatid mites- Scheloribates sp., Galumna sp., and Bicrythermannia sp. were the dominant groups recorded at each sampling period. The highest number of soil microarthropods was recorded from the control plots. The study revealed that both glyphosate and multrazine herbicides have effect on the richness and distribution of soil microarthropods, though the effect of multrazine was highly severe. Therefore, Galumna, S. yorubanensis and B. nigeriana tolerated the herbicides and could be used as monitor species. Both herbicides completely eliminated collembola from the treated plots. In all the treatments, fewer soil microarthropods were recorded as soil depth increased. The ecological impact of this study is that glyphosate is environmentally friendlier than multrazine herbicides to agro-ecosystems. Similarly there was a statistical difference between the treatments.
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    Studies on Dermestes Maculatus Infestation of Smoked - Dried Fish at Uke Fish Market, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
    (Department of Zoology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-03-01) Mairiga, Abdullahi M.; Akwe, Joy P.; Rabiu, Sani Z.
    Three smoke-dried fish, Clariasgariepinus, Oreochromisniloticus and Protopterusannectens were procured from Uke fish market to assess the effects of insect infestation. The fish samples were taken to the Department of Zoology Laboratory of Nasarawa State University Keffi. Percentage weights of the fishes were determined before and after insect pest infestations. The samples were stored in three different cartoons for a period of four weeks. Proximate analysis of the samples was carried out at the Animal Feed Analysis and Quality Control Laboratory Nyanya. The protein, moisture and fat contents for Clarias gariepinus before infestation were (73.40%, 9.70% and 15.70%), forOreochromisniloticus(72.30%, 10.40%, and 11.60%), for Protopterusannectens (63.50%, 12.60%,and 8.30%). After infestation, the protein, moisture and fat contents for Clarias gariepinus were (72.50%, 6.00%, and 12.80%). for Oreochromisniloticus(71.90%, 5.80%,and 11.60%), for Protopterusannectens(60.80%,10.30% and 7.70%). Itwas observed that insect pest infestation causes great loss and reduces the economic and market value of smoke -dried fish because it degrades and damaged the fish thereby reducing it protein, fat and moisture contents. The result of the study showed that Dermestesmaculatus infestation was higher in Clarias gariepinus compared to Oreochromis niloticus and Protopterusannectens with the highest infestation rate of 35%, 30% and 30% respectively in the three species. However, there was no significant difference between the number of insect pests found in the fish samples at (p>0.05), the proximate analysis shows that the data collected after insect infestation was significance at p=0.05 with p value 0.00005.