Browsing by Author "Mairafi, Salihu Liman"

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    AN ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE ON ISLAMIC BANK RISK-TAKING
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2018-10-11) Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Hassan, Sallahuddin; Arshad, Mohamed Bahrain Shamsul
    This article reviews empirical literature on Islamic banks risk-taking behaviour and point out directions for future research. Extant studies on Islamic banking risk-taking have identified risk associated with the Islamic banking product. The paper discusses different scholar’s findings and highlight areas of concerns. Recent studies focus on risk-taking behaviour with emphasis on area of governance, ownership structures and performance. The paper discusses issues that are important to Islamic banking risk-taking behaviour and discover areas for future research.
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    Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: Evidence from Listed Insurance Companies in Nigeria
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2017-07-19) Ibrahim, Ahmed Abdullahi; Ogwuche, Iduh Peter; Mairafi, Salihu Liman
    The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of board characteristics on performance of insurance companies in Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post factor research design. The study used ordinary least square regression. The findings indicate that corporate governance attributes of board size, board independence, board gender, and foreign ownership concentration in the insurance industry of Nigeria have not significantly impacted on both measures of performances namely return on insurance premium and firm value. It is recommended that though compliance with corporate governance principles may not necessarily yield economic benefit, but continuous adoption and practices will be profitable for ethical reasons.
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    COUNTRY’S CHARACTERISTICS, BANK LIQUIDITY AND BANK RISK-TAKING: A REVIEW
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2020-03-11) Mairafi, Salihu Liman
    This article conducted review of empirical literature on the effect of country characteristics, bank liquidity on bank risk-taking behaviour and pointed out directions for future research. Studies on country’s characteristics, bank liquidity and bank risk-taking have identified risk associated with the distinct characteristics of different countries and how they affect the banks’ risk-taking behaviour. This paper discusses different scholar’s findings and highlight areas of concern. Recent studies focus on risk-taking behaviour with emphasised on areas of culture, development, political stability, ownership structures, and beliefs. The paper discussed issues that are important to countries’ risk-taking behaviour and discovered areas for future research.
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    Determinants of Bank Risk-Taking: A Comparative Analysis between Islamic and Conventional Banks
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2019-10-31) Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Hassan, Sallahuddin; Arshad, Mohamed Bahrain Shamsul
    Even though several majors have been implemented by the regulators to ensure stability in the banking sector, the incessant failure of banks and their poor performance in the aftermath of the 2007-2008 global financial have generate concerns. As a result, this study compares the bank-specific determinants of bank risk-taking between the Shariahcompliant banks and the conventional counterpart. Using a panel regression on data from selected countries during the period 2006-2015, the findings disclose that capital, liquidity, size, and significantly affect conventional banks’ risk-taking while for the Islamic banks, assets quality and bank size are the only variable that shows significant relationship. Hence, we recommend further studies to consider other factors such as the macroeconomic variables in comparing their effects on bank risk-taking behaviour of the dual banking systems to provide additional insights to various stakeholders for an informed decision and policy making.
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    DO ACADEMIC DIRECTORS MATTER IN CORPORATE BOARDROOM?
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2017-06-18) Badru, O. Bazeet; Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Abdullahi, Uthman Yahaya
    Although the composition of the board is a critical element in the board’s ability to influence corporate outcomes, there is yet no consensus on how to arrive at a board of best quality. Besides, whether individuals in the academic environment are better positioned to fill this gap remains a puzzle in the field of study of accounting, finance and management. As a result, the current study conducts a systematic review on relevant empirical literature on the role of academic directors on corporate outcomes. Based on the review, we find that academic directors have significant influence on corporate outcomes such as company performance, corporate financial reporting quality, corporate philanthropy and other financial policies decision making process. However, we find that empirical evidence on all these is mainly skewed toward developed economies, particularly the US without any single study in the developing economies. In line with this aforementioned evidence, we find it difficult to conclude or generalise the influence of academic directors on corporate outcomes in developing economies. On this note, we suggest that there is need for further empirical studies in this arena so that policy makers, shareholder activists and scholars can have better understanding on the importance of having academic directors in the boardroom.
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    Domestic Debt Servicing, Inflation rate and Domestic Debt Stock in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2018-06-08) Vincent, Harrison S.; Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Abdul, Zaiban Hussaini
    Countries borrow when they are unable to generate enough revenue to meet up their expenditures on productive activities to improve economic growth and development which transient into better standard of living. Nigeria’s case of borrowing over the years has been on the increase that has attracted lot of attentions. This study examines the effect of domestic debt servicing and inflation rate on domestic debt stock in Nigeria. An ex-post facto research design was employed. Secondary quarterly data were collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin for twenty years period spanning through 2000 - 2019. Employing Johansen Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model, the study established a long run relationship among the variables. The Ordinary Least Square result shows that domestic debt servicing has significant effect on domestic debt stock in Nigeria, while inflation rate has no significant effect on domestic debt stock in Nigeria. The study recommends that the Debt Management Office should be more proactive by reforming part of the short-term domestic debt to long term through repayment of portion of short-term domestic debt when they mature. Also, the Federal Government should invest the borrowed funds in projects that will ultimately repay the interest and principal in the nearest future.
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    Dynamic Long-Run of Trade Openness on Economic Growth Among Selected West African Countries: A Panel Data Approach
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2019-10-14) Haruna, Aminu Muhammad; Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Dahiru, Muhammed Ibrahim
    The study aims to examine the dynamic long-run effect of trade openness in stimulating economic growth among selected West African Countries (WACs) namely: Nigeria, Ghana, Niger, and the Benin Republic for the period 1986 - 2016. The unit root test establishes mix integration I(0) and I(1). The Cointegration test base on Pedroni confirm the variables are cointegrated. Pooled Mean Group (PMG) employs after a Hausman test of model selection. The finding reveals that trade openness and foreign direct investment influence growth among the selected economies and statistically significant. Besides, openness to trade and FDI found to be long-run driver to growth and the need for government to reform their institutions to liberalize the foreign sector so that all barriers to trade are address and to attract investors as well as to improve trade partnership with the rest of the world and the benefits from the positive spillover of both FDI and trade openness into WACs. The inflation rate does not stimulate economic growth in WACs due to the instability in the macroeconomic environment. Whereas the exchange rate was found to be negative and statistically significant, this indicates a negative relationship to GDP.
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    EFFECT OF FIXED INCOME SECURITIES ON CAPITAL MARKET GROWTH IN NIGERIA
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2018-06-08) Udenwa, Theresa A.; Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Vincent, Harrison S.; Abdullahi, Uthman Yahaya
    This study examines the effect of fixed income securities on the growth of capital market in Nigeria over the period 2010-2020. Fixed income securities were proxied by government bond and treasury bill while capital market growth was proxied by market capitalization. Ex post facto research design was adopted as quarterly time series data was obtained from central bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin. Descriptive statistics and the ordinary least square multiple regression techniques were the main statistical tools used in the analysis of data. Additionally, the study conducted unit root test and test for cointegration to ascertain stationarity and long run relationship respectively. The result of the regression reveals that government bond have significant effect on capital market growth. However, treasury bills show insignificant effect on capital market growth in Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study concludes that fixed income securities affect the capital market growth in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommends that the fixed income securities should be properly supervised and regulated as it forms an integral part of a capital market and serves important functions in an economy by means of providing liquidity for both government and private investors.
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    Effect of the Nigerian Stock Market Meltdown on the Profit After Tax of Listed Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2011-09-12) Mairafi, Salihu Liman
    The gains of the Nigerian banking sector capitalization that climaxed in 2005 can no longer be guaranteed because the Nigerian stock market meltdown that started towards the end of the first quarter of 2008 has severely affected the capitalization of the banking sector through the erosion of their market value. The study ascertained the impact of the stock market meltdown on the profitability of listed DMBs in Nigeria. The study relied heavily on secondary data collected through the NSE factbook and the annual reports of sample DMBs. The simple regression analysis revealed that the profit after tax of DMBs is not significantly influenced by the Nigerian stock market meltdown. Consequently, it was recommended that banking regulation in Nigeria should be operated in a global and liberalized financial system.
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    EFFECT OF TRAINING AND PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BANK EMPLOYEES IN NIGERIA
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2018-06-08) Muhammad, Garba Ibrahim; Mairafi, Salihu Liman
    Human capital represents an important resource which can be leveraged to gain competitive advantage. However, as business organizations are reformed based on recapitalization of their sector to improve performance, more value is placed on tangible assets rather than on human capital. This phenomenon has become prevalent in the Nigerian banking industry from the period of recapitalization reform onwards. Specifically testing the effect of performance appraisal and training on bank employee performance in a single model received little attention. Therefore, this study draws from the Resource Based View theory to investigate the perceived effect of training and appraisal of utilization of employees on performance of selected banks in Nigeria. Literature was reviewed and primary data was collected from 102 employees based on a seven-point Likert scale. Hypotheses were formulated, tested and analyzed using Pearson Coefficient Correlation and Multiple Regressions. The findings of the study revealed that performance appraisal and training are significant predictors of bank employee performance. This study tests these effects in a single model in the context of Nigerian banking industry. The study recommends that Nigerian banks need to devise ways to improve performance through their employee and management skills
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    LIQUIDITY AND BANKS’ STABILITY IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2019-10-18) Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Muhammad, Garba Ibrahim; Yusuf, Ali Bala
    Banks stability and sustainability are some of the key concern of banking regulators that had led to the introduction of new standards on liquidity. Scholars have expressed divergent view on the impacts of the new liquidity standards on banks. Studies have found that the new liquidity standards have significant effects on bank’s performance, risk-taking behaviour, and liquidity creation. Accordingly, we found that most of these studies were carried out on the developed nations such as the US and Europe. As a result, this study conducts a systematic review of related literature on how liquidity affects banks’ risk-taking, performance, and liquidity creation and discuss relevant issues on banks’ liquidity, liquidity creation, and risk-taking behaviour in Nigeria then recommends arears for future studies.
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    SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON EFFECT OF LIQUIDITY ON BANK
    (Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2018-08-13) Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Hassan, Sallahuddin; Arshad, Mohamed Bahrain Shamsul
    This study carries out a systematic review on related empirical literature on the role of liquidity on banks’ performance as well as risk-taking. The review of existing literature revealed that bank’s liquidity has significant influence on banking outcomes such as banks performance, banks risk-taking behaviour, moral hazard, and other financial risks. However, we find that empirical evidence on all these is majorly skewed toward developed market. Therefore, we recommend that further studies in this area to provide additional insight for understanding of the impact of liquidity on the performance as well as the risk-taking behaviour and moral hazard. Thus, policy makers, banking regulators shareholder and other stakeholders will be properly guided on the potential impact of banks’ liquidity and their performance and risk-taking behaviour.
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    TREASURY SINGLE ACCOUNT IMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIA: POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS
    (Department of Public Administration, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2016-03-19) Bala, Ali Yusuf; Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Hussaini, Hassan Tukur
    This paper analyses potential consequences of the implementation of Treasury Single Account on Commercial Banks by the Federal Government of Nigeria. With the use of descriptive analysis and the aid of charts, it is seen that commercial banks are likely to encounter liquidity challenges in the short term. The government may also lose interest income from time and savings deposits with the banks. It recommends the easing of sectoral restrictions to allow for movement of funds to growth areas. Government should also design a mechanism to earn income from surplus funds.
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    ZAKATABILITY FROM THE SALARY OF MUSLIM CIVIL SERVANTS IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
    (Department of Islamic Studies, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2022-07-02) Mairafi, Salihu Liman; Yahaya, Sulaiman; Muhammad, Maishanu Aliyu
    This research aims to create awareness among Muslim civil servants that they can pay zakat from their savings with the cooperative society. Muslim civil servants who joined cooperative societies in their various places of work, their salary every month and from the source used to be deducted and kept under the custody of the cooperative society. Some save a huge amount of money and leave it alone until retirement, but unfortunately, when the money reaches the prescribed scale (nisab) for zakat, many are unaware of giving the right of Allah to the beneficiaries. The methodology used in this work was library-based and interviews with the relevant stakeholders. This work is significant in the sense that it would educate those who are not aware of paying zakat from their salary that accumulates under the care and trust of cooperative society, and also the researchers can use it as reference material. In conclusion, it encourages Muslim civil servants to always seek knowledge about their money and pay the zakat. The findings revealed that the management of the Islamic cooperative society used to inform members when their funds were due for zakat. No matter what, we recommend that zakat should be paid.