HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF SOME FACIAL COSMETICS SOLD IN KEFFI MARKETS, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.

The demand for cosmetic products from around the world has increased rapidly due to the growing awareness of the need to beautify the human body. This study assess the health risk due to exposure to heavy metals in various brands of cosmetics sold in Keffi Markets, Nasarawa State using the x- ray fluorescence spectroscopy Analyzer. Eight heavy metal contents were measured in 32 different cosmetics commonly sold in local markets and super markets in Keffi, Nasarawa State which include Talcum powder, pressed powder, Dental powder, eye shadow, eye lines, and hair dye. The concentration of heavy metals such as Cd, Pd, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Ni was determined. The hazard quotients, systemic exposure dose and margin of safety were determined. Results shows that, the range of mean concentrations of metals in these facial cosmetics are Cd (0.216 -1.46 mg/kg), Pd (53.628- 267.962 mg/kg), Cr (18.571- 30.631 mg/kg), Zn (10.443 -315.746 mg/kg), Mn (77.693 - 256.319 mg/kg), Fe (123.081 - 632.828 mg/kg), Cu (9.285 - 36.126 mg/kg), and Ni (8.603 – 48.887 g/kg). The hazard quotients were found to be greater than 1 which indicates risk of carcinogenesis. The systemic exposure dosage (SED) values for these metals acquired from the personal care products were below the WHO limit of 100. The margin of safety values obtained were greater than 100, indicating that the concentrations of metals investigated in these facial cosmetic exert no risk associated with their occurrence in these products. The maximum value of oral cancer risk was detected in Hair dye and the minimum value in eye Liner. Conclusively heavy metal content within the studied cosmetic were ordered as Fe > Pb > Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Cd at all cosmetics brand. Eye liner has the highest MOS values which indicate that there is little risk associated with the concentration of metals in eyeliner have the value was lower than one (1) indicated that the overall risks in both exposure pathways are within safe level. Hi value were lower than one (1).