COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF EXTRACTION SOLVENTS ON THE PERSISTENCE AND ACUTE TOXICITY OF SEED EXTRACTS AGAINST COWPEA BRUCHID CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS (F.)
| dc.contributor.author | Lale, N.E.S. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ajayi, Folorunso A. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-12-11T14:05:45Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-12-11T14:05:45Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 1996-03-03 | |
| dc.description.abstract | ’,'lie,comparative ؛'.fleets of « نسا organic (acetone, mell anol and ethanol) aniil one poll،' (water) extraction .solvents on the persistence'and acute toxicity of seed extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), hemp {Cannabis saliva L.) and guna melon (Citrullus colocynthis Schrad) against the cowpea bruchid, Callasobruchus maculatus (F.) were studied under laboratory conditions (30.2 - 4O.6٠C and 10-66% R.H.), For the determination of (he persistent effect of the extracts, four batches of 10 g of cowpea seeds were each treated with either 0.5 ml ()ا ؛malytical grade of acetone containing 200 mg of ettch of the seed oils obtained with the organic solvents or 0.5 ml of the aqueous extract in glass vials into which 4 and 2 four-day old female and male bruchids, respectively, were later introduced. The ،lumber of eggs laid in each batch of cowpe؛،. seeds and the number of adults that emerged in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generations were counted thereafter. The toxicity test consisted of admixing 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg of the oils obtained with each organic solvent with 10 g of cowpea seeds in glass vials into which 50 four-day old, unsexed bruchids were introduced. Bruchid mortality was recorded 24 h after treatment. Significantly fewer numbers of eggs were laid especially in the batches treated with extracts obtained with the organic solvents than in the check batches. Significantly higher numbers of adult bruchids emerged in check batches than in treated batches in the first generation. However, acetonic extract of the plant seeds was significantly more effective in reducing oviposition and adult emergence than methanolic, ethanolic or aqueous extracts and the methanolic and ethanolic extracts were significantly more effective than the aqueous extract. The ethanolic extract of hemp seeds was sdperior to methanolic extract of this plant seed in reducing oviposition and adult emergence in the first'generation of the bruchids. No adult bruchid emerged in batches of cowpea seeds treated with the seed oils obtained with the'organic solvents in the 2nd and 3rd generations of the bruchids. The overall effect of the organic solvents oh the’ acute toxicity of the seed extracts to adult c. ■ maculatus was less pronounced. However, acetonic extract with a mean IC of 117 rg/10 g seed was the most toxic, followed in a decreasing order of toxicity by methanolic extract (LC» - 121 mg/10 g seed) and ethanolic extract (LC^) = 135 mg/10 g 'seed). Across the organic solvents, neem seed oil was the most toxic ( 77 - مت mg/1.0 g seed) followed by hemp seed oil (1 (0 = 132 mg/10 ت seed) and guna melon seed oil (LCjo = 164 mg/10 g seed). | en_US |
| dc.identifier.citation | yi،؛id F.A. Aj،,؛ تالمشا .N.E.S Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://keffi.nsuk.edu.ng/handle/20.500.14448/3029 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi | en_US |
| dc.title | COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF EXTRACTION SOLVENTS ON THE PERSISTENCE AND ACUTE TOXICITY OF SEED EXTRACTS AGAINST COWPEA BRUCHID CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS (F.) | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |
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