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Item Open Access Lineament analysis and interpretation for assessement of groundwater potential ofWamba and environs, Nassarawa state. Northcentral Nigeria(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2011-02-02) Anuda, G.K.; Obrike, Stephen E.; Iyakwari, Shekwoyandu; Onuba, L.N.Item Open Access Safety Practices in Surface Mining in North Central Nigeria(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2010-03-04) Baba, Adama Oleka; Iyakwari, Shekwoyandu; Obrike, Stephen E.; Anuda, G.K.Item Open Access GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER FROM HAND-DUG WELLS IN KUDENDA AND ITS ENVIRONS, KADUNA STATE, NORTHCENTRAL NIGERIA(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2010-11-11) Anuda, G.K.; Obrike, Stephen E.; Iyakwari, S.; Onuba, L.N.; Ikpokonte, A.E.Item Open Access Upper Lithospheric Structure of the Middle Benue Trough, Nigeria, Derived from Analysis of Satellite Gravity Data(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-03-04) Anuda, G.K.; Obrike, Stephen E.The middle Benue Trough is the central segment of the Benue Trough, an elongate northeast orientated intracratonic rift basin in Nigeria. This study provides new information on the morphology/geometry of the upper lithospheric structures (Moho, crystalline crust thickness and crustal stretching factor) and tectonics in the middle Benue Trough and adjacent basement complex regions by analysis and three-dimensional (3D) inverse modelling of satellite Bouguer gravity anomaly data. Results from 3D inverse modelling reveal Moho depths varying from c. 24 ± 2 to 32 ± 3 km and crystalline crustal thickness values ranging between c. 20 ± 2 and 32 ± 3 km. Shallow Moho and thin crust occur beneath the Trough axial region, whereas deep Moho and thick crust underlay the basement complex regions and the Trough northwestern region. It also shows the presence of a prominent northeast-southwest (NE-SW) orientated, shallow Moho structures (c. 24 ± 2 to 27 ± 3 km deep) and thin crust (c. 20 ± 2 to 26 ± 3 km thick) within the Trough axial region. Comparisons of Moho depths with topography and Bouguer gravity anomaly values using profiles highlight that the observed broad, longer-wavelength near-positive Bouguer gravity anomalies over the Trough axial region are strongly associated with elevated (shallow) Moho and isostatic effect of lower topography. Crustal stretching factor (â) values obtained across the area range between c. 1.03 and 1.59 with moderately high values (c. 1.25 – 1.59) occurring in the Trough axial region. The tectonic implication of the results is that the crust/lithosphere beneath middle Benue Trough has been strongly affected/modified by intense regional, extensional and/or wrench (strike-slip) tectonics associated with past rifting eventsItem Open Access Groundwater Investigation Across the Crystalline Basement Rocks in Rogo Area, Kano State Northern Nigeria, Using Resistivity Methods(Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2021-03-06) Anuda, G.K.; Obrike, Stephen E.; Ofoegbu, Charles O.One-dimensional (1D) resistivity sounding (VES) and two-dimensional (2D) resistivity imaging methods were employed in groundwater investigation in order to delineate potential aquifers and estimate their transmissivities in Rogo area. Main basement rock units in the area are granites and schistose quartzite rocks of Precambrian to Lower Paleozoic age. Twelve resistivity soundings (VES) were carried out across the area using Schlumberger electrode configuration. The field resistivity sounding data obtained were interpreted with partial curve matching approach and 1D inversion algorithm, IPI2Win. The 2D resistivity imaging survey was conducted along two traverses employing dipole-dipole electrode configuration and the resistivity data acquired were subjected to finite element method modelling using DIPRO inversion algorithm to generate a geologically realistic, 2D subsurface geological model. Three to five geoelectrical layers, as well as weathered bedrock (saprolite) and fractured bedrock (saprock) aquifers were delineated. Seven resistivity sounding curve types (namely H, HA, HK, KH, QH, HKH and KQH) were also identified with the H and HA types being the dominant curve types. Anisotropy coefficient (λ) values ranged from 1.03 to 2.65 with a mean of 1.31. Aquifer transmissivity computed for the weathered bedrock aquifer units varied from 16.01 to 53.3 m /day, with an average value of 30.91 m /day. The study revealed that the Rogo area has moderately high aquifer transmissivity and hence generally exhibits good groundwater potentials.Item Open Access Mineralogical, Geochemical and Geotechnical Characteristics of the Maastrichtian clay Member of the Lafia Formation in Doma and Shabu areas, Middle Benue Trough(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-03-06) Obrike, Stephen E.; Maina, B.M.; Ofoegbu, Charles O.The Maastrichtian clay member of the non-fossiliferous Lafia Formation as exposed in Doma and Shabu was investigated to assess its physical and compositional characteristics with a view to establishing its potential use as industrial raw material. The mineralogical determination by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the clays show prominent peaks of kaolinite as the major clay mineral with diffused mixed layer of illite-smectite-chlorite and mica. Chemical analysis by X-ray Fluorescence reveals a dominance of SiO (54.14 – 58.02), Al O (20.14 – 23.68), Fe O (13.07 – 2 2 3 2 3 + 9.23), TiO2 (1.65 – 2.67) and H O (4.23 – 11.05), while CaO, MgO, K O, Na O, MnO and P O contribute less than 2 2 2 2 5 1% of the total elemental composition. The clays exhibit liquid limits in the range of 41-58%, plasticity index (22 - 36%), linear shrinkage (5.2 - 6.4%), Water Absorption Capacity (6.0 - 7.2%) and Loss on ignition (9.2 - 10.18%). The physical, mineralogical and chemical compositions in comparison with international specifications suggest that these clay deposits could be exploited for paints, cement, refractory ceramics and bricks production.Item Open Access Engineered slope failure susceptibility modelling using high spatial resolution geospatial data(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2022-08-08) Obrike, Stephen E.; Barr, Stuart L.; Miller, Pauline E.; Anuda, G.K.Given the increased hazards faced by transport corridors such as climate induced extreme weather, it is essential that local spatial hotspots of potential landslide susceptibility can be recognised. In this research, an evidential reasoning multi-source geospatial integration approach for the broad-scale recognition and prediction of landslide susceptibility in transport cor- ridors was developed. Airborne laser scanning and Ordnance Survey DTM data is used to derive slope stability parameters, while Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) imagery and existing national scale digital map datasets are used to characterise the spatial variability of land cover, land use and soil type. A novel approach to characterisation of soil moisture distribution within transport corridors was developed that incorporates the effects of the catchment contribution to local zones of moisture concentration in earthworks. The derived topographic and land use properties are integrated within the evidential reasoning approach to characterise numeric measures of belief, disbelief and uncertainty regarding slope instabil- ity spatially within the transport corridor. The model highlighted the importance of slope, concave curvature and permeable soils with variable intercalations accounting for over 80% of slope instability and an overall predictive capability of 77.75% based on independent validation dataset.Item Open Access Hydro-geochemical characterization and water quality appraisal of groundwater in areas adjoining primordial landfills in the Maastrichtian Lafia Formation, Middle Benue Trough(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-07-06) Obrike, Stephen E.; Aleku, L.D.; Anuda, G.K.This study assessed the groundwater quality in areas adjoining primordial landfills in Lafia town and its suitability for drinking purposes. Physico-chemical properties of twenty groundwater samples collected from boreholes, unlined and lined hand-dug wells at twenty different locations around three dumpsites were analysed for the appraisal of the water quality. Results of measured physical parameters show pH values in the range of 5.13–7.30, electrical conductivity (EC) values as between 89 and 7754 µS/cm and total dissolved solids (TDS) values that ranges from 59.63 to 5195 mg/L. The major cation and anions have mean concentrations in the order Ca2+ > Na+ > K+ > Mg2+ and SO42− > HCO3− > Cl− > CO3−. The Piper plot reveals three dominant water types (Ca–Cl–SO4, Ca–Na–HCO3−, and Na–Cl–SO4). Heavy metal pollution assessment reveals relatively higher modified heavy metal index (m-HMI) values for wells of close proximity to the landfills. The water quality index (WQI) classification reveals 35% of the groundwater sampled locations have water categorized as unsuitable for drinking purposes, 30% of the groundwater samples categorized as very poor and 25% of the groundwater samples classified as poor. While groundwater categorized as good to excellent constituted only 10% of the total groundwater samples analysed.Item Open Access THE GEOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF ANGWAN MALLAM AND ENVIRONS, KEFFI(Department of Geology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-03) Olowoyeye, Olalekan Agboola; Baba, Adama OlekaThe Geology and geochemical mapping ofl atitude N 08° 51l, N 08° 45land longitude E 007° 45', E 008° Od of Nigeria North Central Part of Keffi Sheet 208 NE. Thin section of the various rock types in the study area were carried out, with migmatite, granodiorite, pophyritic granodiorite, and biotite gneiss intruded by mineral bearing pegmatite dyke were identified. Structures like fault, vein, joint and foliations were also observed during the field mapping and they trend NE - SW”. Geochemical analysis of the rocks using x-ray fluorescent techniques reveals the concentration of Potassium, Calcium, Titanium, Manganese, Iron, Copper, Nickel, Zinc, Arsenic; Robidium and Strontium. The structural trend of the rocks conforms to the general pan-African Orogeny deformation. Mining activities in some of the villages does not contaminate or pollute its water, soil and wellbeing of the people living in Agwan Mallam. This study reveals some major elemental composition of rocks across Agwa Mallam and its environs and how they are distributed. The findings will be a benefit to Environmental Impact Assessment of Agwa Mallam and further research is hereby recommended on the Hydrochemistry with special emphasis on water contamination due to leached ion from rockItem Open Access WATER SUPPLY PROBLEM IN ZARIA(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-01) Baba, Adama OlekaThere are two piped water supplies in Zaria: one is operated by the Kaduna State Water Board and the second by the Ahmadu Bello University. Both, like in many other towns of northern Nigeria, do not function to the sat isfaction of water consumers. To reduce dependence of Zaria residents on the often-dry taps of piped water schemes. State and Local Governments embarked at drilling boreholes, as sources of water supplementary to the piped water. Drilling boreholes solved some problems but at the same time created others. Very often a borehole creates around itself a drawdown cone, thus drying up nearby hand-dug wells. This is a vicious circle: drilling new boreholes may not reduce urban water shortage. Neither sinking new hand-dug wells by water consumers in their compounds is of much relief because many hand-dug wells dry up during the dry season. The paper con cludes that a borehole or a hand-dug well is a viable option in rural water supply but as supplements to an urban piped water system they are not recommended. Drilling boreholes as supplement to piped water schemes did not address the reasons of inadequate piped water supply. It is the conclusion of this paper that at source there is enough water in Zaria to meet the water demand but dry taps are caused by underutilization of the both piped water supply schemes. To improve on their efficiency, is the line of argument in this paper, overhead tanks and valves must be reactivated, water demand must be calculated, and water supplied and consumed must be meas ured, both at the waterworks and at the household. In other words, a Water Resources Management Plan must be drawn. Then, boreholes and open wells as a supplement to the surface water will not be needed.Item Open Access AIRBORNE MAGNETIC STUDY OF OTUKPO AREA(Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2014-09-14) Ogah, Vincent E.; Jatau, B.S.The study is carried out in Otukpo area of Benue State, North central Nigeria. Geologically the area is underlain by Cretaceous sediments of the Benue Trough, mainly shales, sandstones and limestones. Aeromagnetic map of Otukpo was digitized, processed and interpreted for anomalies and causes of anomalies in the area. The airborne magnetic survey provided information about folding; the differential uplift of basement resulting from magmatic intrusions, gave rise to drape folds in the overlying sediments. Airborne anomaly indications have clearly defined large igneous bodies. These intrusive rocks of intermediate basic composition occur in the Santonian and Albian shales. Two layers of sedimentary features were observed. The average thickness for the first and second observed layers is 0.37km and 1.8km respectively. The Basement depth ranges from 3 to 8.2km. Calculated magnetic susceptibility contrast of the area was 0.073- 1.71 electromagnetic units. Areas of geological interest which are exploration targets were delineated. They include areas of broad magnetic intensity anomaly closures, which are zones of structural displacement associated with deep seated basement, areas of magmatic intrusions, dyke spots, fractures and fault zones. These structural studies may yield clues to the location of concealed mineral deposits.Item Open Access The Remaining Storage and Rate of Siltation of Mairuwa Dam, Funtua, Katsina State, North-western Nigeria(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-11-11) Salawu, A.O.; Musa, O.K.; Baba, Adama OlekaMairuwa impounded reservoir (Dam) which was constructed in 1970, had an initial installed capacity of 5.5 million cubic meters and it is the main source of piped water supply to Funtua and its environs for the purpose of irrigation farming and potable water supply. The volume of rainfall in the drainage basin is 102,259,006m3. Runoff coefficient of the area is 0.23. Volume of total runoff is 23,519,571m3. Total volume of material eroded from the drainage basin is 4,703m3/a. After 50 years of impoundment, continuous siltation caused by sediment being deposited annually is affecting its usefulness to the people. In order to determine the remaining storage of the reservoir, there is need to study the reservoir’s bathymetry using boat, satellite navigator and metric tape with a heavy stone attached to it. Results of this measurement show that as at 2020, the remaining storage of the reservoir is 1,944,000m3 representing 35% of the installed capacity. The rate of siltation is 349,920m3/y and loss in volume is 3,556,000m3 representing 65% of the total storage. The rate of erosion in the drainage basin of 102 km2 is calculated to be 0.45mm/a. This is far higher than the world average of 0.088mm/a. The reservoir will be completely silted up if preventive measures are not taken. This will result to inadequate supply of piped water to Funtua and Environs.Item Open Access Hospital Water Demand/Consumption: A Case Study of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika.(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-11-03) Baba, Adama Oleka; Krzysztof, Schoeneich; Abubakar, Aisha KanaThis work provki/r^sis of understanding groundwater potential of the Ahmadu Beljp .‘,|:r»iversity - ^ j ting Hospital, Shika, the water demand and requirement for \ The resistivity values obtain shows the water bearing zones ranges fmone point 4v ree other. The water potential of the area is good though, the ,e varies uom point to point depending on the conductivity, thickness, and ■Ti-TTer characteristics. Shika hospital is located on Metamorphic (Gneiss) with maximum thickness of water bearing soft rock of 30 m. The two interconnected aquifers, the Soft Overburden and the Fractured Crystalline Aquifers stores good quantity of water. The groundwater flow directions of this area which stores water is that the water flow away to recharge the surface water. Solution to water problem in the study area is to rely on surface water via overhead tanks and the use of groundwater for emergency situation. Water demand of the Hospital is 154 m3/d. Total water demand of the hospital is 438.39(m3/d) and Unit water per day per bed is 0.877(m3/d). The Hospital Static Groundwater Resources 494,350m3, Total Dynamic Groundwater Resources 58,518.1m3/a and Utilizable Dynamic Groundwater Resources 29,259.05m3/a or (80.16 m3/d). The water demand /requirement using WHO (2005) standard is 77,000 Ipcd (77m3/d). The unit water demand per bed per day of Shika hospital is 0.877 m3/d. The coefficient of surface runoff of the study area is 0.18, base flow (infiltration) 0.1, and total runoff 0.28. The annual volume of surface runoff for ABU Teaching Hospital Shika is 1,039,209 m3/a. Total surface water resources of the study area is 1,918,636 m3/a. Proper planning is fundamental to protection, conservation and constant water supply. ABUTH water supply has been from boreholes, Zaria and Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) water works. Therefore, with proper management, ABUTH should not experience water scarcity. All the storage tanks both ground and overhead should be reactivated and sluice valves replaced and/or serviced with good chamber for proper security to minimize usage, wastage and delivery of water to different department of the hospital through its water distribution network pipeline while its groundwater resources should be a supplementary water sources because a hospital should have constant water supply and ABUTH should not be an exception.Item Open Access THE CHARACTERIZATION AND DETERMINATION OF THE WATER QUALITY INDEX OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER IN ABUJA METROPOLIS, FCT-NIGERIA.(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-06-01) Baba, Adama Oleka; Essien, Queen Ekenem; Okere, J.U.Water Quality Index (WQI) from different sources in Abuja metropolis, FCT - Nigeria, for surface and groundwater reserves (Rivers, lakes, boreholes and wells) were determined by use of physicochemical properties. Standard methods for water and wastewater analysis proposed by American Public Health Association were used. The results of the WQI from different locations were found to vary from 32.70 - 36.20 (tap water), 31.20-38.50 (boreholes) and 38.56-48.50 (well water) all signify good water quality. Surface water (lakes and rivers) found in the study area gave WQI values of 55.45 (Jabi lake), 82.20 (Mpape River) and 84.40 (Durumi River), all signifying poor water quality. The thirteen physicochemical parameters used to compute WQI for tap and groundwater samples were found to be fit for human consumption, while all surface water samples would require further purification or treatment before they can be certified fit for human consumption.Item Open Access Physico - Chemical Quality of Ground Water from Shallow Wells in Galambi and Environs, Bauchi State, Northern Nigeria(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2007-03-03) Essien, Queen Ekenem; Anudu, G.K.; Baba, Adama Oleka; Ikpokonte, A.E.Physico-chemical characteristics of ground water from shallow wells in Galambi and its environ in Bauchi State, Northern Nigeria, were evaluated. A total off ifteen shallow well water samples were randomly collected and analyzed for an assessment of its potability and suitability for domestic purposes. Results obtained indicate that the ground water is slightly acidic to moderately alkaline (5.70< PH <8. JO), hard to very hard, (124.7 - 256 mg/1), colourless, and odorless. Conductivity, HCOj2', CO2', NO32', SO2', and PO4' are generally within WHO permissible levels for potable water. However, heavy metals like copper, iron, and lead are of higher concentrations than WHO standards for drinking water. Consequently, relevant treatment procedures are strongly recommended to reduce concentrations of Fe, Cu and Pb in the water so as to minimize the risks/concerns that they may pose to human health within and around the study area. The plot of the average constituents of the ground water in a Piper Trilinear diagram shows that the water is potable and can be classified as .alkaline earth water type with higher alkaline proportion (Ca- Mg -Na) and predominantly HCO3 water, as well as normal alkaline earth water type (Ca- Mg) with predominantly HCO3' water.Item Open Access Measurement of remaining storage, rate of siltation, and rate of erosion of the Ahmadu Bello University Farm Lake drainage Basin in Zaria(Department of Geology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-03-03) Baba, Adama Oleka; Akaegbobi, Mike; Krzysztof, SchoeneichAhmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital at Shika, 547 beds and water demand 154 m3/d, suffers from inadequate and irregular water supply. But there is a nearby abandoned impounding reservoir constructed around 1966, with original storage capacity 636,300 m3. The authors propose to use this reservoir as the main source of water for Shika Hospital. However, it is not known whether after 43 years of siltation, the reservoir still contains enough water to meet water demand from the hospital. To determine, how much water is still available in the impounding reservoir after many years of siltation, the authors embarked a boat and measured the remaining storage of the reservoir as 349,911 m3. Thereafter calculated rate of siltation between years 1966 and 2009 as 6,600 m3/y, rate of erosion in the drainage basin during the same period as 0.559 mm/y, and safe yield during 176 days of hydrological dry season as non existing, because after deduction of losses to evaporation calculated as 194,560 m3/y and deduction of 272,700 m3 of environmental reserve - minimum necessary to preserve aquatic wildlife, there is no active storage left. Since there is no active storage, there is also no safe yield and there is no water for Shika Hospital. The authors conclude that the University Farm Lake cannot serve as source of water for Shika Hospital, unless it is dredged to its original storage capacity. The impounding reserve will soon be lost. In some year to come there will be little or no more water in it because it will completely be silted up as there will even be no trace of it seen on the maps. @JASEMItem Open Access Hybrid Wenner-Schlumberger Electrical Resistivity Investigation for Groundwater at Nasarawa State University Keffi, Keffi Sheet 208 NE, North-Central Nigeria.(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-11-11) Azi, C.M.; Jatau, B.S.; Baba, Adama Oleka; Obrike, Stephen E.; Ancho, M.I.Geological traversing at Nasarawa State University Keffi, part of Keffi Sheet 208NE, North-central Nigeria, revealed that the area is underlain by the Basement Complex rocks consisting of biotite gneiss, granitic gneiss and schist. The structural trends are mostly in NNW-SSE and NE-SW directions and foliation in the NE-SW direction. Surface geophysical investigation was conducted using the new hybrid Wenner-Schlumberger array, where fifty (50) stations were investigated along seven established profiles to determine the groundwater potential of the area. Six curve types were observed; HA, KA, QH, HAK and KHA; QHA-types has the highest frequency of occurrence while KA and HAK-types has the least. Results revealed that the top soil being the 1st layer with resistivity (62- 5800 Ωm) and thickness (1-2 m). Laterite is the 2nd layer with resistivity (20-5550 Ωm), and thickness (2-7 m). The weathered basement is the 3rd layer with resistivity (43-2080 Ωm) and thickness (5-20 m). The fractured basement is the 4thlayer in the five (5) geoelectric layer case with resistivity (115-1700 Ωm) and thickness (25-50 m); while the partially weathered/fractured basement forms the 4thlayer in the six (6) geoelectric layer case with resistivity (66-2059 Ωm) and thickness (10-30 m). The fresh basement forms the 5thlayer in the five (5) geoelectric layer case with resistivity (312-2170 Ωm), while the fractured basement forms the 5thlayer in the six (6) geoelectric layer case with resistivity (139-2800 Ωm), and thickness (10-50 m). The fresh basement forms the 6thlayer in the six (6) geoelectric layer case with resistivity (310-3800 Ωm). The depth to fresh basement or overburden thickness range from 29-79.5 m, which implies that the area is generally good for groundwater development, especially places with distinctive weathered and/or fractured layers thicknesses. Groundwater potentials were zoned into low, medium and high potentials for groundwater development. Wenner data extracted and interpreted have a good degree of correlation with the Schlumberger results, the structural trends observed on the geological structures and with existing geologyItem Open Access Hydrological Aspects of Artificial Lake Design: A Case Study of the Proposed Kurikyo Lake, Lafia Nasarawa State(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-05-06) Abubakar, Aisha Kana; Abubakar, Kana Ahmad; Baba, Adama OlekaArtificially created lakes involve one form of impoundment or another. A lake is simply a body of water surrounded by land. It can be natural e.g. Lake Chad or artificially created by man in order to beautify his environment, for irrigation and domestic water supply. Factors generally considered before the creation of artificial lakes include physical and economic/social factors. Physical factors include geomorphology, hydrology and climate. While socio economic factors include developmental plans, land ownership, availability of technology/equipment, impact on socio – economic activities of individuals in the area among others. The present study looks at the hydrological aspect for the development of an artificial lake in Lafia. The area of interest is River Kurikyo catchment area; the river has its mouth situated along Shendam road in Lafia town, close to the House of Assembly Complex. The river flows in a northwestern direction and has numerous small streams contributing to its flow.Item Open Access Preliminary geological evidence for multiple tremors in Kwoi, Central Nigeria(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-01-09) Goki, Nathaniel; Onwuka, Solomon Anayo; Baba, Adama Oleka; Iyakwari, Shekwoyandu; Tanko, Ishak Yau; Abubakar, Aisha Kana; Umbugadu, A.A.; Usman, Halima OsuPreliminary field assessment of the geological evidence for the September 2016 multiple tremors was felt as far as 10 km in Nok and Chori villages in the north and northwest of Kwoi respectively. This involved systematic studies of the crack pattern and intensity on buildings, rocks and hanging walls of slopes around the area with the highest shock. The structural mapping was complemented by composite images of SPOT 5, supplementary subsurface investigations utilized aeromagnetic data, seismic data, and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for the area. Results show that the major evidence that proved a possible link to the area of highest impact is the tremor triggered displacement of a 4 by 3 m diameter rock boulder situated about a kilometre from the Kwoi town, some 3 km from the nearest epicentre that fell through a cumulative distance of 25 m, splitting the fresh granite boulder into two and creating a high impact scar on its path. Seismic vibrations that shook the residents of Kwoi and environs (with epicentres located along a NE-SW linear traverse and remotely coinciding with buried fractures) appear to have been generated and propagated laterally from the rocks along a northwest-southeast profile. Despite the non- homogenous strengths of the impacted buildings, the near-consistency of the E-W striking walls being the most fractured gives a remote connection with the major 345° to 015° fracture patterns on the granitic plutons that shields Kwoi town to the north. Additionally, the intensity of the fractures and collapse in the buildings increased south-westwards from the perceived area of highest impact. A possible tectonic origin related to stress build up in the rocks of the area for the tremors can be insinuated thereby foreclosing the theory of a non-tectonic origin being considered in some quarters including the recent Mpape Abuja tremor of 2018. All these epicentres plot along an extrapolated trend that coincides with the Chain Fracture Zone of the North Atlantic.Item Open Access Geology, Petrography and Geophysical Study of Kuchibuyi and its Environs Part of Abuja Sheet 186(Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-01-06) Baba, Adama Oleka; Omosimua, C.; Anie, P.O.; Benedit, P.O.; Musa, Y.K.Geological and hydrogeological mapping of Kuchibuyi and its environs Abuja sheet 186, North Central Nigeria was carried out with a view to determine groundwater potential. The study area fails within the Hydrogeological Crystalline Province of Nigeria. Geophysical investigation was carried out in order to study the subsurface geological layers with a view to determine the depth to bedrock and thicknesses of the geological layers. Rock samples were collected and analysed. Rocks such as Coarse-Grained Granitic Gneiss, Fine Grained Biotite Granite, Medium Grained Granite, Dolerite, Banded Muscovite and Gneiss were the rock types found with structures like Joints, Veins and Foliations. The geologic mapping covered 22.5km2 on a scale of 1:12,500. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array was carried out at 75 VES stations. Campus Ohmega digital resistivity meter was used for the data acquisition. The field curves were typically of A, H, K, KH and HK types. VES results revealed heterogeneous nature of the subsurface geological sequence and four to five major geoelectrical layers consisting of Topsoil (sand/clay), Lateritic soil, Weathered, Fractured and Fresh Basement. The excellent groundwater potential of Kuchibuyi makes the area hydrogeologically promising and can be explored for groundwater with good yield from location to location.