Browsing by Author "Yakubu, A."
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Item Open Access Correlation and path coefficient analysis of body weight and morphometric traits of two exotic genetic groups of ducks in Nigeria(Department of Animal science,Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2015-01-01) Ari, Maikano Mohammed; Yakubu, A.; Muhammed, M.M.; Musa-Azara, Ibrahim Suleiman; Omeje, JnThe study aimed at describing objectively the interdependence between body weight (BWT) and morphometric traits in Khaki Campbell and Pekin ducks using multivariate path analysis technique. Measurements were taken on one hundred and ninety seven (197) randomly selected 10-week old Khaki Campbell and Pekin ducks, respectively in Plateau State, Nigeria. The birds were reared on deep litter in a semi-intensive system where they were kept in a fenced area provided with water ponds and locked up in the poultry house during the night. The body parts measured were, body length (BDL); thigh length (THL); thigh circumference (THC); breast circumference (BTC); bill length (BLL); neck length (NKL); neck circumference (NKC); shank length (SHL); shank width (SHW); total leg length (TLL) and wing length (WL). General linear model was used to study genotype and sex effects. Pekin ducks had a superior advantage (p<0.05) over their Khaki Campbell counterparts in all the body parameters estimated. Sexual dimorphism (p<0.05) was in favour of male ducks. Pairwise phenotype correlations between BWT and morphometric traits were positive and significant (p<0.01), ranging from 0.38-0.95 and 0.35-0.92 for Khaki Campbell and Pekin ducks, respectively. Path analysis revealed that BDL was the variable of utmost importance directly influencing BWT in male Khaki Campbell and Pekin ducks (path coefficient=0.535 and 0.508, respectively; p<0.01) while BTC and SHL were the most responsible parameters affecting BWT in female Khaki Campbell and Pekin ducks [path coefficient=0.594 (P<0.01) and 1.197 (p<0.05), respectively]. The optimum regression models for the prediction of BWT in Khaki Campbell ducks included BDL, SHL, BTC and NKC (male) and BDL, WNL and BTC (female); while in their Pekin counterparts, BDL, BLL and BTC (male) and BDL and SHL (female) were incorporated.Item Open Access GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF BROILER CHICKENS FED Moringa oleifera DRIED LEAF MEAL AS A PHYTOGENIC REPLACEMENT OF SYNTHETIC PREMIX(Department of animal science,Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2011-12-05) Ari, Maikano Mohammed; Ogaii, D. M.; Yakubu, A.; Samuel, Emmanuel AluGlobe! focus on organic food products and the search for alternative replacement of synthetic feed supplements and additives cs m Low — Income Food Deficit Countries (LlFDCs) necessitated the evaluation of performance and cost of broilers f '/ Moringa oleifera dried leaf meal as a pliytogenic replacement of synthetic premix using a total of one hundred 1100) Anak drain of day old broilers that we re randomly assigned to five treatment groups of two replicates each representing 0, 25, .'i 75 and 1007c replacement by weight of synthetic premix with Moringa oleifera. Experimental diets were formulated to provide crude protein (CP7c) and metabolizable energy (ME) of 227c CP and 3200 keal/kg ME and 207o CP and 3000 keal/kg ME and the feeding trail lasted (I- 2S d) and (29- 52 d) for starter and finisher phases, respectively. Performance and cost parameters (average body weight gain (DWG) feed intake, FCR, the Performance index (PI), cost of feed per kilogramme (kg) diets, total cost offeed consumed, cost offeed per kilogramme kg body weight gain, total cost of production, revenue and gross margin) evaluated in this study showed no significant (P>0.05) difference for both starter and finisher phases. However, T3 group gave the 7'csi value for gross margin when compared with Tj and Ty (516.46 vs 504.19 vs 477.80) recorded in this experiment, h was concluded that Moringa oleifera dried leaf meal can ser\>e as a cost effective pliytogenic replacement of synthetic premix in broiler feedsItem Open Access LIVESTOCK AND FISH PRODUCTION(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2015-03-05) Ajayi, Folorunso A.; Yakubu, A.; Okunsebor, S.A.Item Open Access Nutrient Composition, Amino Acids Profile and Anti Nutritional Factors of Nixtamalized Soya Bean (Glycine max) using different alkali treatment(Department of Animal science,Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2011-12-01) Ari, Maikano Mohammed; Barde, R.E.; Ogah, D.M.; Yakubu, A.; Aya, V.E.The utilization of silk cotton seed (Ceiba patandra) as a substitute for full fat soyabeans was evaluated using 120 Anak broiler chickens during 8 week feeding trails in which silk cotton seed (toasted, TSCS and untoasted, USCS) was used to replace soyabean at 0%(T1), 50%TSC (T2), 50%USCS (T3), 100%TSCS (T4) and 100% USCS(T5).Data were collected on average feed consumption, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and performance index. The results obtained showed treatment effect on feed intake and weight gain was significant (P<0.05). However, the highest feed intake and weight gain (880.68 g and, 429.65g) respectively was recorded for T1 (control). T 2 showed the best replacement potentials for soyabeans in terms of feed intake (676.16 g ) and BWG (449.56 g). Similarly, mean feed conversion ratio and performance index were significantly (P<0.05) different between treatment groups. From the results obtained in this study, it could be concluded that 50% replacement of soyabeans with toasted silk cotton seed (TSCS) is a desirable substitute for soyabean in the diets of broilers.Item Open Access PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKENS AS INFLUENCE BY MELON (Citrullus vulgaris) HUSK(Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State Univerisity Keffi, 2019-01-01) Ari, Maikano Mohammed; Muhammad, Kabir Baba; Yakubu, A.; Guluwa, L.Y.; Musa-Azara, I.S.This experiment was conducted using one hundred and eighty (180) day- old marshal chicks randomly assigned in a Completely Randomized design to evaluate the effect of inclusion of differently treated melon (Citrullus vulgaris) husk on the performance, carcass characteristics and serum profile of broilers. Dried melon husks were collected and subjected to three (3) processing methods. The first portion was mechanical ground using hammer mill and sieved, the second portion was soakedfor 30 minutes in warm water at the rate of 100kg melon husk per 50 litres of warm water before sun drying; and the third portion was fermented with rumenliquor for 72 hours at room temperature at the rate of 50kg melon husk per 10 litres of rumen liquor. During the 43- d feeding trial period, birds were fed ad lib with experimental diets D1, D2 and D3 representing 15% inclusions of Mechanically Treated Melon Husk (MTMH); Soaked Melon Husk (SMH) and Rumen Liquor Fermented Melon Husk (FMH) respectively. Body weight gain (BWG), feed:gain (FCR) and survival percentage (%) were significantly (p<0.05) affected by treatment method with D3 values being greater than D2 and D1. Dressed weight, thigh/drumstick, wings, breast bone, were significantly (P< 0.05) affected by melon husk treatment method. The highest average body weight (2.23 kg), dressed weight, and thigh/drumstick, wings, breast bone, rib cage and back were observed in the D3 group. The serum biochemical and hematological values obtained in the study differed significantly (P< 0.05) between experimental treatments but are within standard ranges. It was concluded that melon husk can be included as a feed ingredient for broilers without any significant deleterious effects on their performance, haematology, serum and carcass quality indicators. However, processing of melon husk was shown to improveitsnutrient composition, therefore, 15% inclusion level of rumen liquor fermented melon husk was recommended for better performance of broiler chickensItem Open Access Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats Fed Urea Treated Maize Offal as Supplement to Natural Herbage(Department of Animal science,Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2010-12-01) Ari, Maikano Mohammed; Barde, R.E.; Aya, V.E.; Musa, M.; Yakubu, A.West African Dwarf (WAD) goats grazing natural herbage were supplemented with different levels of urea treated maize offal (UMO) to determine their performance. The maize offal were treated at 0% UMO, 4% UMO, 6% UMO and 8% UMO representing 0, 4, 6 and 8% of urea respectively. Naturally grazing twenty WAD bucks aged between 7 and 9 months weighing 8.7±1.5kg were randomly allocated to five supplementary diets (0% UMO, 4% UMO, 6% UMO and 8% UMO) in a completely randomized design lasting 84 days to determine the effect of the supplementation. Significant (P<0.05) mean weight gained of 5.30kg was recorded for goats on 4%UMO; Similarly, lowest (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio of 7.28 was obtained for 4%UMO and better benefit of N 3,170 per live weight gain was recorded for goats on the same 4% urea treatment. Though the different levels of urea treatment of maize offal recorded significant (P<0.05) increase in blood urea, they were below the toxic concentration level of10mg per liter; and superior performance was recorded for WAD goats fed 4% of UMO supplement.Item Open Access PESTSAND DISEASES OF CROPS, LIVESTOCKANDSH.(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2007-01-01) Ajayi, Folorunso A.; Okunsebor, S.A.; Yakubu, A.Item Open Access Preliminary investigation on communitybased intervention through cockerel exchange programme for sustainable improved rural chicken production in Nasarawa State, Nigeria(Department of Animal science,Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2014-01-01) Ari, Maikano Mohammed; Yakubu, A.; Ogbe, A.O.; Ogah, D.M.; Adua, M.M.; Idahor, K.O.; Samuel, Emmanuel Alu; Ishaq, A.S.; Salau, E.S.Local chickens play an important role for smallholders and contribute significantly to food security of households in rural and semi-urban communities. However, the poultry sector is beset with low productivity in Nigeria. The present study aimed at improving the performance of rural chickens in Nasarawa State through cockerel exchange programme. A total of one hundred and eighty (180), 25-week old cockerels were obtained from a reputable farm in the State. Forty eight (48) households from Danka Sarki Extension Village (University’s Extension Model Village) and ten (10) households from COAL Staff quarters were randomly selected. Each participating farmer (household) was given cockerels depending on the number given in return for his/her own cock(s). Pre- and Post-trial information was obtained on flock size, number of chicks, growers, cocks and hens including number of clutch/bird, eggs/clutch, eggs hatched per clutch, mortality and body weights of chicks and growers. There was no significant difference in the flock size of birds before intervention and after intervention. The mortality rate of chicks/clutch and growers/clutch within the first nine months of study decreased as a result of the introduction of cockerels. Similarly, body weights of chick sand growers of post-intervention birds were higher. The distribution of cockerels (improved exotic birds) to the rural livestock farmers in the study areas appeared to contribute to improved village chicken production.Item Open Access PRINCIPAL COMPONENT AND DISCRIMINANT ANALYSES OF BODY WEIGHT AND CONFORMATION TRAITS OF SASSO, KUROILER AND INDIGENOUS FULANI CHICKENS IN NIGERIA(Department of Animal science,Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-01-01) Ari, Maikano Mohammed; Yakubu, A.This study aimed at evaluating the body weight (BW) and bio-metric traits [breast girth (BG), neck circumference (NC), Back length (BL), wing length (WL), thigh length (TL), thigh circumference (TC), shank length (SL) and shank circumference (SC)] of two newly introduced and one Nigerian indigenous chicken strains using multivariate principal components (PCs) and to classify the three genotypes using discriminant analysis. A total of one hundred and fifty chickens of both sexes comprising equal number of Sasso, Kuroiler and the local Fulani ecotype were utilized in the study. The birds, which were six weeks old, were managed intensively in a private farm in Nasarawa State, north central Nigeria. General linear model was used to test the fixed effects of genotype and sex including their interaction on the body parameters. With the exception of BG, the uni-variate analysis showed that Kuroiler birds had higher (P<0.05) BW and morphometric traits than Sasso, which in turn, were superior (P<0.05) to their Fulani counterparts. Male chickens also had a comparative advantage (P<0.05) over their female counterparts in BW and linear body measurements. There was genotype * sex interaction effect on all the body traits, except TC. The phenotypic correlations among the traits were positive and significant (P<0.05; P<0.01) ranging from 0.41-0.97, 0.47-0.96 and 0.42-0.94 in Sasso, Kuroiler and Fulani chickens, respectively. Factor analysis with varimax rotation of interrelated traits revealed three PCs (Sasso and Kuroiler) and two PCs (Fulani) which accounted for 87.4, 93.9 and 78.9% of the total variance in the genetic groups. The PC-based regression models, which are preferable for selecting birds for optimal balance, accounted for 92, 95 and 88% of the total variation in the BW of Sasso, Kuroiler and Fulani chickens, respectively. The most discriminating variables to separate the chicken genotypes were BG, SC, BW and TC.Item Open Access THE STATUS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN ,NASARAWA STATE(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2010-02-11) Rahman, S.A.; Ajayi, Folorunso A.; Okunsebor, S.A.; Yakubu, A.