Browsing by Author "Sastawa, B.M."

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    Effects of Grain Breakage and processing Method on the Development of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in Grains and Products Obtained from Cultivars of Dry Season (Masakwa) Sorghum (Sorghum Mcotor Moench) in Maiduguri, Nigeria
    (Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2002-01-28) Lale, N.E.S.; Ajayi, Folorunso A.; Sastawa, B.M.; Odo, P.E.
    Background: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor ) is one of the most important cereals especially in the semi-arid tropics providing the staple food for large populations in Africa and Asia. It is, however, susceptible to secondary insect pests in storage. Methods: In this study, the effects of grain breakage and processing method on the development of Tribolium castaneum in grains and products derived from 10 local cultivars of dry season (Masakwa) sorghum obtained from Cameroon, Chad and Nigeria were investigated under tropical storage conditions. Results-. Results show that broken grains, whole flour and polished (lour obtained from sorghum cultivars UN-33-2-EX Chad, Bulwalana-bama, Soulk-12-Ex Cameroon, Bumku-gajibo, and Bourgou,i-28-Ex Came- roon were more suitable diets for the development of T. castaneum than undamaged grains. These substrates supported significantly 0.05كي ) higher populations of 7. castaneum larval and adult progeny than undamaged grains. Broken grain or whole flour derived from Bulwalana-mutukum-musini, Bulwalana-bama and Adja’ama-mutukum-pulka was infested significantly more than polished flour derived from the same cultivars. The study has also shown that cultivar Bulwalana-bama with a mean of progeny was, on average, the most susceptible to T. castaneum infestation whereas Bulwalana-yashawa with a mean of 67.5 progeny was the least susceptible of all the sorghum cultivars screened. The order of preference by castaneum for the different products obtained from the sorghum cultivars for optimum development was broken grains>whole flour polishcd flour>undamaged grains. Conclusion: It was concluded that the bran of Bulwalana-mutukum-musini, Bulwalana-bama and Adja'ama- mutukum-pulka possibly contain nutrients that may be beneficial for the development of castaneum and its removal by polishing reduces the susceptibility of flour derived from these cultivars.
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    EFFICACY OF GINGER OIL AS PHYTOCHEMICAL INSECTICIDE FOR THE CONTROL OF Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) IN STORED COWPEA
    (Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 1999-01-01) Sastawa, B.M.; Lale, N.E.S.; Ajayi, Folorunso A.
    Ginger oil dosage o f 0,50, 100, 150. 200 and 250mgl0g cowpea was evaluated under laboratory conditions (24 - 3 0 0 and 45 - 68% r.h) in Maiduguri, for their 0 0 0 3 in protecting stored cowpea from damage by Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleptera: bruclridae). The results show that ginger oil significantly reduced egg laying and adult emergence and increased egg mortality in c. maculatus. The results suggest that ginger oil can be used to protect cowpea against infestation and damage by c. maculatus in the semi-aridzone of Nigeria.
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    EVALUATION OF CARBOFURAN FOR THE CONTROL OF HARVESTER ANT (MESSOR GALLA FOREL) IN THE NIGERIAN SUDAN SAVANNA
    (Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2001-01-01) Ayayi, Folorunso A.; Sastawa, B.M.; Lale, N.E.S.
    Abstract The effectiveness of dijj"erent formulations of Furadan 3(7" (Carbofuran) a٦١d frequency o f application for the control o f harvester ants, Messor (!//(, ١v«s evaluated on groundnut and ,billet .fields in Maiduguri, northeastern Nigeria (Latitude 11" 51’ / ٧ and Longitude u " /6" E) frotn August to October, 2000, Results obtained showed that a considerably lower number of harvester ants were found in the vicinity o f nests that received two applications o f each of the three fornndations offttradan than in the vicinity o f nests that received one application. There was a significant difference in the number o f harvester ants between treated nests and untreated nests. Broadcasting 0/ millet seeds baited with furadan in the, run-way o f ant trails or drenching the nests with furadan suspension in water performed considerably better in reducing the population o f ants than the application o f pure granules of furadan.
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    EVALUATION OF PROCESSING METHODS AND INSECTISTATIC ESSENTIAL OILS FOR THE CONTROL OF SKIN BEETLES (DERMESTES MACULATUS DEGEER) INFESTING D I D FISH IN THE LAKE CHAD DISTRICT OF NIGERIA
    (Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2001-02-02) Lale, N.E.S.; Ajayi, Folorunso A.; Sastawa, B.M.
    The of fish processing methods (smoke-drying, sun-drying and removal o f scales) and insectistatic essential oils obtained jrom Syzgium aromaticum, Piper guineense and Zingiber officinale in controlling Dermestes maculatus in dried Sarotherodon niloticus, Clarias gariepinus and Siluranodon auritus, was evaluated under prevailing storage conditions in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Smoke-dried fish were infested more by D. maculatus adults and larvae than sun-dried fish. The three species o f 151 were susceptible to D. maculatus infestation. Removal o f scales reduced the susceptibility ofs. niloticus to D. maculatus by more than 50%. With only occasional exceptions, the three dosages (0.48, 0.96 and 1.44 g,6O g) o f the essential oils significantly reduced infestation by D. maculatus adults and larvae. The application o f the essential oils obtained from s. aromaticum and p. guineense at the rate o f 1.44 ل ع g completely suppressed the development o f D. maculatus in dried c. gariepinus during the S-month storage period.
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    EVALUATION OF PROCESSING METHODS AND INSECTISTATIC ESSENTIAL OILS FOR THE CONTROL OF SKIN BEETLES (ms MACULATUS DEGEER) INFESTING DID FISH IN THE LAKE CHAD DISTRICT OF NIGERIA
    (Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2000-01-01) Lale, N.E.S.; Ajayi, Folorunso A.; Sastawa, B.M.
    The o f fish processing methods (smoke-drying, sun-drying and removal o f scales) and insectistatic essential oils obtained jrom Syzgium aromaticum, Piper guineense and Zingiber officinale in controlling Dermestes maculatus in dried Sarotherodon niloticus, Clarias gariepinus and Siluranodon auritus, was evaluated under prevailing storage conditions in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Smoke-dried fish were infested more by D. maculatus adults and larvae than sun-dried fish. The three species o f 151 were susceptible to D. maculatus infestation. Removal o f scales reduced the susceptibility ofs. niloticus to D. maculatus by more than 50%. With only occasional exceptions, the three dosages (0.48, 0.96 and 1.44 g,6O g) o f the essential oils significantly reduced infestation by D. maculatus adults and larvae. The application o f the essential oils obtained from s. aromaticum and p. guineense at the rate o f 1.44 g/60 completely suppressed the development o f D. maculatus in dried c. gariepinus during the S-month storage period.