Browsing by Author "Patrick, N.O."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF OIL SPILL EFFECTS ON WATER QUALITY IN GOKANA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS, NIGERIA.
    (Environmental Science Department, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2018-02-13) Abugu, N.A.; Patrick, N.O.; Derick, S.A,; Inemesit, I.U
    This research assessed effects of oil spill on water quality in Gokana Local Government Area of Rivers, Nigeria. Oil spill is inarguably the most important type of pollution in the Niger Delta region. The objectives of this study were to assess the quality of surface water in the study area and compare it with the World Health Organization Standard for domestic water uses This study selected ten (10) communities (Barako, Bodo, Deken, Gbe, Goko, Kibangba, Lewe, Mogbo, Nugbeio, and Yeghe) based on outstanding oil spill incidents in these communities for data collection which involved collection of water samples for laboratory test. The result shows that the Total Hydrocarbon (THC) content of the water samples was high and above regulatory limit and that water quality parameters such as temperature , carbon dioxed (CO2), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand, total hydrocarbon content (THC) are beyond the WHO permissible limits while parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen(D.O), are below the WHO limit. It was concluded that oil production in the region can only be sustainable environmentally, economically and socially if the oil companies should be more environmental conscious and follow strictly the provisions of law and standards set by regulatory
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF GURARA DAM ON SURFACE WATER QUALITY WITHIN THE CATCHMENT IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.
    (Environmental Science Department, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2018-01-13) Abugu, N.A.; Yero, A.B.; Daku, Y.S.; Patrick, N.O.
    77715 study evaluates Gurara dam impact on water quality within the catchment. Its objectives were to assess the quality ofs urface water within Gurara dam catchment area and compare the quality of surface water in the EIA baseline data with the present surface water quality. The result of this research work was gathered through laboratoty analysis of water samples collected within Gurara dam catchment. Data collected were analsysed using mean, range, coefficient of variance and student V test. This study found that all water quality parameters measured were within National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) limits for irrigation except for DO, BOD and COD; all surface water quality parameters have lesser calculated 7’ values than critical values expect for BOD. Therefore, Ho is accepted for all parameters expect for BOD, so there is no significant difference in the water quality parameters (temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, total solid, dissolved oxygen, COD) expect BOD. Although, all surface water quality parameters vary between the EIA and the present surface water quality but only BOD changed significantly. Since the present surface water samples have higher mean of BOD than the EIA baseline data, BOD has increased significantly after the dam construction. It was concluded that dam have significant negative impacts on water quality as BOD have been altered significantly after dam construction. Thus this study
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Geophysical Engineering Investigation AroundMakiyaye Village, Shika Area Within The Basement Complex Of North-Western Nigeria
    (Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-10-17) Fadele, S.I.; Jatau, B.S.; Patrick, N.O.
    Geophysical investigation for engineering studies was carried out around Makiyaye village which falls within the Basement Complex of North- Western Nigeria. The study is aimed at evaluating the competence of the near surface formation as foundation materials, and to unravel the subsurface profile which in turn determines if there would be any subsurface lithological variation(s) that might lead to structural failure at the site and evaluating the groundwater potential of the site and determining the level of safety of the hydrogeologic system. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array was carried out at eighteen (18) VES stations. ABEM terrameter (SAS 300) was used for the data acquisition. The field data obtained have been analysed using computer software (IPI2win) which gives an automatic interpretation of the apparent resistivity. The geoelectric section revealed three to four lithologic units defined by the topsoil, which comprises clayey-sandy and sandy lateritic hard pan; the weathered basement; partly weathered/fractured basement and the fresh basement. The resistivity values range from 28 - 354Ωm in the topsoil, 70 - 356Ωm in the weathered basement, 245 - 694Ωm in the fractured basement and 1114 - 3699Ωm in the fresh basement . Layer thicknesses vary from 0.38 – 2.64m in the topsoil, 0.7 – 37.36m in the weathered layer, 5.86 – 34.2m in the fractured basement. Depth from the surface to bedrock/fresh basement generally varied between 2.64 and 44.11m. Based on the resistivity values, it is concluded that the subsurface material up to the depth greater than 20m is competent and has high load-bearing capacity. However, resistivity values less than 100Ωm at depths of 10 - 15m indicate high porosity, high clayey sand content and high degree of saturation which are indications of soil conditions requiring serious consideration in the design of massive engineering structures. The hydrogeologic system at the site is vulnerable to contamination. Hence, the result reasonably provide a basis for which groundwater potential zones are appraised for safety in case potential sources of groundwater contamination sites such as septic tanks and sewage channels are planned for the area under study.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Subsurface Stratigraphic Mapping Using The D.C Electrical Resistivity Around Shika, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
    (Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-10-11) Fadele, S.I.; Jatau, B.S.; Patrick, N.O.
    Electrical resistivity investigation was carried out around Shika, Kaduna state, Nigeria in order to delineate the subsurface geologic strata with a view of determining the depth to the bedrock and thickness of the geologic strata. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array was carried out at eighteen (18) VES stations. ABEM terrameter (SAS 300) was used for the data acquisition. The field data obtained have been analysed using computer software (IPI2win) which gives an automatic interpretation of the apparent resistivity. The VES results revealed heterogeneous nature of the subsurface geological sequence. The geologic sequence beneath the study area is composed of hard pan top soil (clayey and sandy-lateritic), weathered layer, partly weathered or fractured basement and fresh basement. The resistivity value for the topsoil layer varies from 60Ωm to 373Ωm with thickness ranging from 1.06 to 4.14 m. The weathered basement has resistivity values ranging from 70Ωm to 708Ωm and thickness of between 1.77 to 33.04 m. The fractured or partly weathered basement has resistivity values ranging from 318Ωm to 834Ωm and thickness of between 12.9 to 26.3 m. The fresh basement (bedrock) has relatively high resistivity values ranging from 1161Ωm to 3115Ωm with infinite depth. However, the depth from the earth’s surface to the bedrock surface varies between 3.32 to 36 m. The study further stressed the importance of the findings in engineering, groundwater exploration and waste disposal problem.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    The Use of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) for Subsurface Geophysical Investigation around Bomo Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria
    (Department of Geology and Mining, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2013-01-01) Jatau, B.S.; Patrick, N.O.; Baba, Adama Oleka; Fadele, S.I.
    Electrical resistivity investigation was carried out around Bomo area, Zaria, Kaduna state, in order to study the subsurface geologic layer with a view of determining the depth to the bedrock and thickness of the geologic layers. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array was carried out at fifteen (15) VES stations. ABEM terrameter (SAS 300) was used for the data acquisition. The field data obtained have been analysed using computer software (IPI2win) which gives an automatic interpretation of the apparent resistivity. The VES results revealed heterogeneous nature of the subsurface geological sequence. The geologic sequence beneath the study area is composed of hard pan top soil (clayey and sandy-lateritic), weathered layer, partly weathered or fractured basement and fresh basement. The resistivity value for the topsoil layer varies from 40Ωm to 450Ωm with thickness ranging from 1.25 to 7.5 m. The weathered basement has resistivity values ranging from 50Ωm to 593Ωm and thickness of between 1.37 to 20.1 m. The fractured basement has resistivity values ranging from 218Ωm to 520Ωm and thickness of between 12.9 to 26.3 m. The fresh basement (bedrock) has resistivity values ranging from 1215Ωm to 2150Ωm with infinite depth. However, the depth from the earth’s surface to the bedrock surface varies between 2.63 to 34.99 m. The study further stressed the importance of the findings in civil engineering structures and groundwater prospecting.