Browsing by Author "Onovo, J.C."

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    Character Association of Yield and its components in Sesame
    (Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2017-12-08) Isa, Hauwa'u; Onovo, J.C.; Mohammed, A.W.
    A study on the extent of association between yield and other selected agronomic traits of Sesame was carried out to determine the relationships among agronomic traits for enhanced progress in crop improvement. Yield related traits studied included; days to flower, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches, number of capsules per plant, capsule length, number of seeds per capsule, thousand-seed weight, oil content and seed yield. Three varieties of Sesame (NCRIBEN 01M, NCRIBEN 02M and Yandev) were evaluated in a Split Plot Design with three replications arranged in a randomized design. Data were analyzed for statistical processing and simple linear correlation, using STAR computer software version 2.0.1. Estimate of correlation coefficient (the inherent association between two variables] was obtained using the spearman rank correlation formula. Correlation studies revealed that yield per plant was positive and significantly correlated with yield per plot (r=0.63) and number of seeds per capsule (r=0.50) that most of the traits were significantly correlated with yield per plant. The results from this research revealed that high level of genetic variability exists with regards to seed yield and its component traits in the studied germplasm, thus, warrant effective selection for further improvement.
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    Combining abilities in single cross hybrid of quality protein maize for grain yield and its components
    (Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2015-10-03) Mijinyawa, A.; Onovo, J.C.; Isa, Hauwa'u; Junaidu, H.I.; Abdulkarim, B.M
    A trial involving five females of normal maize and three males of Quality Protein Maize (parents) were mated in a line x tester mating design in 2012. The resultant 15 F1 crosses and 8 parents were evaluated in 2012/2013 using lattice II design replicated three times at the Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru, Zaria. Seven agronomic traits of parents and F1 were studied to determine their general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively). Highly significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed among the genotypes for all traits except plant height, ear height and ear weight. Sammaz 32 and sammaz 15 were the best parents in terms of G C A for grain yield parameters and most traits. With respect to SCA, hybrids sammaz 17 x sammaz 11 (2471.11) and sammaz 32 x sammaz 15 (1923.7) were the best in terms of grain yield and most traits. The highest values were between plant height and Grain yield. Therefore, three way hybrid crosses could be employed to improve the desired character in the population.
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    Combining Abilities in Single Cross Hybrid of Quality Protein Maize for Grain Yield and Its Components
    (Department of Biological Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2016-01-05) Mijinyawa, A.; Onovo, J.C.; Junaidu, H.I.; Abdulkarim, B.M.
    A trial involving five females normal maize and three males of Quality protein maize (parents) were mated in a line x tester mating design in 2012. The resultant 15 F1 crosses and 8 parents were evaluated in 2012/2013 using lattice II design replicated three times at Institute for Agricultural Research, A.B.U Samaru, Zaria. Seven agronomic traits of parents and F1 were studied to determine their general and specific combining abilities (GCA, SCA), highly significant differences was observed among the genotypes for all traits except plant height, ear height and ear weight. Sammaz 32 and sammaz 15 were the best parents in terms of G C A for grain yield parameters and most traits, In terms of SCA, hybrids sammaz 17 x sammaz 11 (2471.11) and sammaz 32 x sammaz 15 (1923.7) were the best in terms of grain yield and most traits . The highest value was between plant height and Grain yield. It was suggested that a three way hybrid crosses could be employed to improve the desired character in the population.
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    Combining Ability in Quality Protein Maize Using Diallele Crosses Among Five Inbred Lines
    (Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2015-01-05) Junaidu, H.I.; Onovo, J.C.; Mijinyawa, A.; AbdulKarim, B.M.
    A study was conducted to assess the magnitude of combining ability in a half diallel cross. Materials involving 10 hybrids and 5 parents of quality protein maize (QPM) were evaluated in 2013/2014 at the Institute for Agricultural Research farms, IAR. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The analysis of variance for the seven agronomic traits viz: days to 50% tasseling days to 50% silking, plant height, ear weight, ear height, ears per plant and grain yield indicated significant (p<0.05) amount of variability among the genotypes for all the seven traits studied, variances for general combining ability (GCA) were highly significant for all traits except ear height and ear weight. Variance for specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant for days to 50% tasseling, plant height, ear height, ears per plant and ear weight. Among the parents sammaz 17 was the best general combiner with high GCA effects for grain yield, as well as negative GCA value for days to 50% tasseling and days to 50% silking. Among the hybrids Sammaz 14 x Sammaz 32 and Sammaz 37 x Sammaz 36 showed significant SCA effect in the desired direction. The hybrid with the best yielding quality and earliness to tasseling and silking was sammaz 14 x Sammaz 32 followed by sammaz 37 x Sammaz 36.
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    DICENTRIC CHROMATID BRIDGES AND POLLEN STERILITY IN CLEOME GYNANDRA
    (Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2017-01-18) Isa, Hauwa'u; Onovo, J.C.; Egbucha, K.C.
    The present investigation revealed that the haploid chromosome number of Cleome gynandra (Linn) is n=9 and 4n=36. It is essentially a tetraploid. Meiotic chromosome behaviour in pollen mother cells (PMCs) in this tetraploid at Anaphase I and II were highly irregular. The percentage of chromatid bridges observed during the course of investigation in this tetraploid species was found to be 40.35. In the present investigation the tetraploid species investigated showed 47.60% morphologically fertile pollens, and 52.40% morphologically sterile pollens. It appears that the high frequency of chromatid bridges formed (40.35%) and 52.40% pollen deformity seems to indicate that chromatid bridges were not beneficial to the ecological aptitude of the taxon with regards to its sexual reproduction as deformed pollens often are nonviable. From the results of the present investigation, it was clear that structural alterations in the chromosomes due to largely frequent bridge formation appeared to be part of a common factor contributing to the sterility of pollen grains in Cleome gynandra.
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    DICENTRIC CHROMATID BRIDGES AND POLLEN STERILITY IN CLEOME GYNANDRA
    (Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2017-01-18) Isa, Hauwa'u; Onovo, J.C.; Egbucha, K.C
    The present investigation revealed that the haploid chromosome number of Cleome gynandra (Linn) is n=9 and 4n=36. It is essentially a tetraploid. Meiotic chromosome behaviour in pollen mother cells (PMCs) in this tetraploid at Anaphase I and II were highly irregular. The percentage of chromatid bridges observed during the course of investigation in this tetraploid species was found to be 40.35. In the present investigation the tetraploid species investigated showed 47.60% morphologically fertile pollens, and 52.40% morphologically sterile pollens. It appears that the high frequency of chromatid bridges formed (40.35%) and 52.40% pollen deformity seems to indicate that chromatid bridges were not beneficial to the ecological aptitude of the taxon with regards to its sexual reproduction as deformed pollens often are nonviable. From the results of the present investigation, it was clear that structural alterations in the chromosomes due to largely frequent bridge formation appeared to be part of a common factor contributing to the sterility of pollen grains in Cleome gynandra.
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    GENETIC VARIABILITY IN MINERAL COMPOSITION AMONG DIFFERENT STRESS TOLERANT MAIZE (Zee mays L.) GENOTYPES IN KEFFI, NASARAWA STATE
    (Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-01-14) Anadi, A.C.; Onovo, J.C.; Joshua, Alanana Abu ; Idris, A.
    Genetic variability m mineral composition among different stress tolerant maize genotypes was carried out. Thirteen genotypes and two local checks (control) were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The twelve agronomic characters studied were plant height, ear per plant, anthesissilking interval, days to pollen, days to silking, days to maturity, number of cob per plant, leave length, Zinc, Magnesium, and grain yield. The result obtained from the analysis of variance for all the agronomic traits studied showed significant differences among all the genotypes at (P < 0.01). The highest mean value for zinc was seen in SAM 15 (3.39 mg/kg), followed by SAM 24 (3.26 mg/kg) and L2 (control) (3.16 mg/kg). The least mean value for zinc was found in SAM 37 (2.25 mg/kg). The highest mean values for magnesium was found in LI (control) (6.53 mg/kg), followed by SAM 38 (6.48 mg/kg) and SAM 15 and L2 (control) (6.45 mg/k0). The least mean value was found in SAM 46 and SAM 37 (5.98 mg/kg). The mean performance for Iroi. :!'owed there was significant difference between the genotypes. SAM 48 had the highest mean value (8.35 mg/kg; for iron, followed by SAM 26 (4.05 mg/kg) and SAM 46 (3.83 mg/kg). SAM 24 had the least mean value (2.09 mg/kg). Correlation studies revealed Magnesium to be positive and significantly correlated zinc (r = 0.52). Number of cub per plant was positively correlated to ear per plant (r = 1.00) while ear per plant was significant and negatively correlated to zinc (r = - 0.381) and magnesium (r = -0.341). The results from this research have shown that high genetic variability exist with regards to mineral composition and this warrant effective selection for further improvement. The results from the broad sense heritability estimates for the 12 characters studied showed that all the characters are heritable with values range from 69.11 for leaf length to 100.00 for zinc, magnesium and iron. The information presented in this research should be of value to nutritionists. This paper thus recommend that SAM 48 be giving to children because of its iron content.