Browsing by Author "Ogah, Adamu Tanko"
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Item Open Access ANALYSIS OF URBAN GROWTH USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES IN KABONG, JOS NORTH LGA, PLATEAU STATE.(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-01-06) Alkali, Mohammed; Anzaku, I.M.; Umar, Garba; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Maren, M.S.This research work examine the analysis of urban growth using remote sensing and GIS Techniques in Kabong, Jos North L.G.A, Platue State, Nigeria . Data for the study were sourced from the primary and secondary data source. The finding of the study revealed that the most substantial change was the transformation of vacant barren land and rock outcrop to imperious built-up areas. Classification results shows the built up cover increased from 24462(9.8) in 1998 to 552.69 Ha922.2%) in 2008 to 2018 to 1071.27Km2 (143.18). results present that among the changes in Kabong increase in built up area from 9% to 43.18% and decreased off bare surface and vacant land had serious changes on the landscape as presented on the maps, the main changes of land use in these areas can be described as other type of land use covering into urban land, it is recommended that proper monitoring of the pattern and rate of urban expansion should be adhere strictly so as to achieve sustainable urban development.Item Open Access ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY ON SELECTED BOREHOLE IN RELATION TO DISTANCE BETWEEN SOAKAWAY AND BOREHOLE IN KARU L.G.A, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-03-03) Onimisi, S.A.; Sangari, Dalhatu Umaru; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, Mohammed77iw wor/: assess the Effect of Distances between soakaway and Borehole on Groundwater Quality in Karu EGA, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The study used both primary and secondary data. Water is vital to the existence of all living organisms, but this valued resource is increasing being threatened as human populations grow and demand for more water of high quality for drinking purposes and economic activities increases. Water plays a significant role in maintaining the human health and welfare. Clean drinking water is now recognised as a fundamental right of human beings. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of distances between soakaway and borehole on groundwater quality in Mararaba, Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State. The specific objectives are: to investigate the bacteriological quality of the ground water sample obtained from boreholes within the study area, to investigate the physio-chemical l quality of the aground water sample obtained from boreholes within the study area. Environmental problems in Nigeria are varied and \ If $ 4 extremely serious. The case of Karu is no exception. The city suffers badly from a range of environmental threats, particularly waste and pollution, which are rapidly getting worse, as Karu is one of the fastest growing urban areas in Nasarawa State. The results obtained from this research work show that the degree of nearness of any groundwater source, to pollution source determines, to a large extent, the degree of pollution of that groundwater source. Based on the findings the following recommendations were made by the partners dealing with environmental management issues in Karu should work together each time projects that involve groundwater development and onsite wastewater treatment are to be implemented, the Ministry of water Resources and Nasarawa State Urban development board should consider provision of piped water and sewerage sendees to Karu in order to protect the community against waterborne diseases, officials of Karu LCA should work with the Geological agencies in identifying areas that are suitable to for boreholes on the same piece of land to avoid groundwater pollution. The ministry of water and Nasarawa state Urban development board should considered provision of piped water and sewerage services to Karu in order to protect the community against waterborne diseases. researcher:Item Open Access Assessment of air quality within Maiganga coal mining area in Akko Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-11-20) Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Opaluwa, O.D.; Alkali, Mohammed; Lass, KumoAnthropogenic activity especially coal mining contributes immensely to environmental pollution within coalmine and the host community especially if not well managed. This study is on the assessment of air quality in and around Maiganga coalmine, with the objectives of finding out the ambient concentration levels of criteria air pollutants within the coalmine, the Maiganga community and the four control sites 2km north, south, east and west of the coalmine, as well as compare the findings with the concentration levels of pollutants recommended as acceptable safety limits set by Federal Ministry of Environment, FMEnv. Six sampling locations were selected for detail assessment, with one point in each of the sites mentioned. Measurement of concentrations of criteria air pollutants; sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH3), and ozone (O3) were taken in-situ using Personal Toxic Gas Monitor (Tango TX1 single gas monitor). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particulate matter (PM10), were collected using a Portable Counter HT - 9601 (PM2.5 and PM10) personal dust meter high volume gravity sampler. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were also measured using a Portable Hand Held Gas Detector (Porcheck+). The study was done during the dry season and the results revealed that, coarse paticulate matter (PM10) was above the stipulated safety limit of 250pg/m3 set by the FMEnv for the coal mine area and Maiganga community but all other parameters were within the safety limits of the FMEnv. CO, NO2, SO2, and NH3 in coalmine area had concentrations lower than in that in control areas because of other anthropogenic activities like burning, heating, waste disposal, agricultural practices and a host of others taking place in the control area and which are not available in the coalmine area. However, the concentrations of the aforementioned parameters were higher in Maiganga community than in the control areas due to higher rate of anthropogenic activities in the community than in the control areas. The hypothesis were tested using student t - test, and the alternative hypothesis was accepted which showed there was no significant variations in the values of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particulate matter (PMio), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH3), and ozone (O3) obtain from the coalmine, Maiganga community and the Control (N.S.E.W) with safety limits set by FMEnv. It is however, recommended that the Federal Ministry of Environment and National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) should ensure strict compliance with safety and environmental standards agreed upon during Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).Item Open Access Assessment Of Charcoal Processing Technology Used For Commercial Charcoal Production In Nasarawa State, Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-03-03) Ekpo, Salamatu Abraham; Ayuba, H.K.; Marcus, Nengak Danjuma; Ogah, Adamu TankoDeforestation and Forest degradation is one o f the major environmental problem ravishing the world today, Charcoal production involves a wholesome dependency on the natural woodlands which contributes to deforestation, leading to the loss o f valuable resources and dangerous interference with the environment. The adverse effect of deforestation is climate change through the release of large amounts of greenhouse gases that fuel global warming. I Charcoal production reduces the bio-productivity o f ecosystems by disrupting the habitats of thousands of species, and gradually transforms forest lands into barren deserts.Item Open Access ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY PERCEPTION AMONG FARMERS IN KEFFI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA(Department Environemental Magement, Nasaraw State University Keffi., 2019-01-06) Magaji, J.I.; Anzaku, I.M.; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, Mohammed; Idoko, A.G.Agricultural production is sometimes affected by the effects of variations in the climate which subsequently affect crop production. In this study, climate variability perception among farmers and its effects on cassava crop in Keffi Local Government Area is examined. Data of rainfall and temperature over a period of sixteen years in Keffi LG A were obtained from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency, National Programme on Food Security and Nasarawa State Ministry of Agriculture. This data was analysed using the correlation and regression analysis of the SPSS statistics package version 17 and trend function of the Microsoft Excel package. The result showed an increase in minimum temperature coupled with unreliable rainfall distribution over the investigated period. It identified poor yield with non-significant positive effect of rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature on cassava yield. The study recommends access to weather information for farmers which could serve as an adaptive strategy for positive crop yield production. The need to deploy Agricultural Extension Officers (AEO) to serve as guide to farmers through sensitization programmes and routine visit is imperative.Item Open Access ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING OF FISHERY RESOURCES IN NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-09-06) Adolphus, Aghughu A.; Sangari, Dalhatu Umaru; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, MohammedThis study assess environmental Audit on Fisheries resources in the Niger Delta. The study used both primary and Secondary Sources of data. The findings of the research revealed that there were no strong institutions for Overall Coastal Artisanal Fishery Management with appropriate Policies, Plans and Strategies, legal and institutional framework to achieve the sustainable and integrated use of coastal resources, taking into account the fragility of coastal ecosystems and the finite nature of their natural resources, and the needs of coastal communities. Over times, fishing may cease to be a major source of food for humanity and a provider of employment and economic benefits to those engaged in this activity not minding the fact that aquatic resources are not infinite and need to be properly managed. There is lack of State policies, plans & strategies for monitoring and enforcement of legislations on fisheries resources, except for community Artisanal fisheries and Fishermen's organisations practising an exclusive rights-based regime where Fisheries resources could not sustain an often-uncontrolled increase of exploitation. Oil spills pollution remains the greatest threat to sustainable and responsible artisanal fisher)’ in the Niger-Delta. Pollution and degradation of coastal and marine areas (SDG 3-pollution and erosion) impacted negatively depleting fishery resources (SDG 14-Life below water).The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea adopted in 1982 provides for better management of marine resources giving coastal States rights and responsibilities for the management and use of fishery resources within their domain through Strong institutions-- SDG 16 to monitor/ enforce coastal environmental compliance and code for responsible fisheries for sustainable artisanal coastal fishery. Fisheries resources could not sustain an often- uncontrolled increase of exploitation. Artisanal fisheries authorities should onItem Open Access Assessment of Rural Farming Activities in Wamba Local Government Area of Nasarawa State Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2018-01-05) Bala, N.L.; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, MohammedItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF SMALL HOLDER FARMERS' RAINWATER HARVESTING . TECHNIQUES IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY - ABUJA, NIGERIA.(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2018-04-04) Alkali, Mohammed; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Tehinse, Samaila TaiyeThis study assessed small holder fanners' rainwater harvesting techniques in the FCT. 60 farmers were randomly sampled from Gwagwalada and Kuje Area Councils. Primaty data were collected using questionnaires and interview methods and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Logistic Regression Model was used to determine the factors influencing adoption of rainwater ha/vesting techniques in the study area. It was found that roof water tanks (45%) as well as sand dams (36.1%) were the most practiced techniques in this area by most farmers. The study also found that most (56.7%) of the farmers were aware of water harvesting techniques and willing to adopt them. Information on their sources of information proved that Extension officers (53.3%0 and Radio (23.3%) were the most important source of information to the farmers on water harvesting techniques. Logistic model showed that education level, experience of water shortage, awareness of water harvesting techniques, income, age, were highly important variables that positively influences adoption of water han>esting techniques. Farm size and farming as main source of income also had significant but negative relationship with the adoption of rainwater harvesting techniques. 71.7%> offarmers indicated decreasing trend of water resources in the study area, 21.6% pointed out that the water resources are completely diying up and 58.3% attributed these changes to the changing climate. It was concluded that Although most of the small holder farmers had secondary education and can understand processes required to adopt and operate several rainwater har\>esting techniques, the awareness level of rainwater harvesting techniques (56.7%) which is only slightly above average proves that much work is still required in terms of awareness to attain optimum adoption level and enhanced agricultural productivity. Relevant agencies should put more emphases on education and awareness creation to increase the adoption of reliable water har\>esting technique.Item Open Access ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN LAFIA TOWN, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-09-09) Ubangari, Y.A.; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, MohammedThe improper management of solid waste is one of the challenging environmental problems facing urban centres worlwide particularly in developing countries. Little attention is given to waste management practices.Item Open Access Assessment of Water Quality Index and Heavy Metal Contents of Underground Water Sources in Doma Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria(Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-08-05) Opulawo, O.D.; Mohammed, Y.; Mamman, Suwaibat; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Ali, DanjumaWater quality index and heavy metal contents of underground water sources in Doma Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria was assessed to ascertain the suitability of the water for domestic purpose. Physicochemical parameters; temperature, turbidity, TDS, TSS, pH, EC, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate and sulphates in the water samples were determined using standard methods of analysis. The water quality index (WQI) was also evaluated using known standard method. The heavy metal contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The results of the physicochemical analyses shows that in borehole and hand dug well water, the respective mean values were temperature (27.11±0.45 and 27.41±0.55 °C), turbidity (1.51±0.54 and 2.56±1.04 NTU), TDS (230.00±87.75 and 358.67±91.46 mg/dm3), TSS (3.64±1.25 and 4.17±4.17 mg/dm3), pH (5.63±0.69 and 6.60±0.95), EC 277.16 and 296.29±26.52 µS/cm), total hardness (90.00±15.55 and 125.13±16.33 mg/dm3), alkalinity (8.87±.083 and 9.24±1.08 mg/dm3), chloride (20.59±14.62 and 21.22±10.13 mg/dm3, nitrate (0.024±0.04 and 0.01±0.01 mg/dm3) and sulphates (1.05±0.74 and 2.09±0.45 mg/dm3). It was revealed that all the physicochemical parameters for both borehole and hand dug well water had values that were within the standard permissible values recommended by regulatory bodies, NSDWQ and WHO except for the pH of the borehole water which was not within the recommended range and which showed the water to be slightly acidic and which could attributable to the nature of the host rocks. WQI for borehole and hand dug well water were 29.65 and 27.38 respectively with the implication that both water sources presented good water quality for drinking based on the water quality index and water quality status. The results of the heavy metal analyses shows that in borehole and hand dug well water, the respective mean values were Cd (0.003±0.002 and 0.010±0.002 mg/dm3), Cr (0.187±0.075 and 0.19±0.070 mg/dm3), Cu (0.040±0.010 and 0.804±0.805 mg/dm3), Fe (0.500±0.330 and 0.916±0.543 mg/dm3), Pb (0.010±0.010 and 0.015±0.007 mg/dm3) and Zn (0.290±0.120 and 0.072±0.072 mg/dm3). The results shows that Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn for both borehole and hand dug well water had mean values that were within the standard permissible values recommended by NSDWQ and WHO while Cr and Fe had mean values that were higher and which can be attributed to anthropogenic activities close to the water sources. It is recommended the groundwater in these selected communities be monitored regularly and that there is the need for the water to be treated before use because of those parameters that are off the standards to avoid associated health risks.Item Open Access Effect of Oil Spills on Artisanal Fishery in the Niger- Delta, Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-09-06) Adolphus, Aghughu A.; Sangari, Dalhatu Umaru; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, MohammedThis Research assess Effects of oil Spills on Artisanal Fisheries in the Niger- Delta, Nigeria, the Study used both primary and secondary Sources of data, the findings of the research revealed that there Js the lack of effective integrated management of coastal areas, embedding Artisanal Fishery sub sector into policy, legal and institutional frameworks, lack of assistance from Government and awareness of any government activities on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):However, there were community Artisanal fisheries and Fishermen's organisations practising an exclusive rights-based regime, regulating activities of members to ensure harmonious fishing conduct, imposing fines and sanctions for non-compliance in the course of effective monitoring and enforcement. Life on land impacts negatively on life below water via Pollution, waste, discards, catch by lost or abandoned gear, catch of non-target species, both fish and non-fish species. International agreements, treaties and commitments on fishing as well as national/state artisanal fishing legislative requirements are not known to the artisanal fishers. Measures are not in place to reduce and mitigate coastal / marine pollution and degradation, and protect the environment and give traditional and customary resource users the right to a certain level of environmental quality as part of their livelihood. The level of enforcement of complianceItem Open Access EFFECTS OF INDISCRIMINATE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL IN LAFIA METROPOLIS, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-09-04) Ubangari, Y.A.; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, MohammedThe improper management of solid waste is one of the challenging environmental problems facing urban centres worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Little attention is given to waste management practices. This is why it is common to see heaps of waste in littering the streets, dumped indiscriminately in drainages, vacant plots and open spaces especially in the urban areas of the developing world. Despite the establishment of Nasarawa Urban Development Board as a waste management agency, the problem of solid waste management in Lafia town remains intractable. The study examined the current state of waste management being employed by Nasarawa Urban Development Board in Lafia town, Nasarawa state. The study population was contacted through stratified systematic sampling technique. Data for this 'study were generated through questionnaires, in depth interviews, direct and personal observation. The data generated from the questionnaires were subjected to descriptive analysis using frequencies and percentages. The study revealed that majority (58.5%) of the respondents were not provided with waste collection facilities by Nasarawa Urban Development Board and so disposed their wastes indiscriminately. Majority (65.5%) of the respondents knew nothing about procurement of dustbins, dumpsites and the agency of government that is responsible for refuse/ waste management in, the study area. The agency responsible for waste management in the study area (NUDB) were faced with numerous challenges militating against effective and efficient performance. These challenges were lack of political will, paucity of find or poor funding, shortage of man power, shortage of functional vehicles (trucks) etc. The study recommended that public awareness or education should be carried out by Nasarawa Urban Development Board in collaboration with the National Orientation Agency and the mass media on waste management issues. It also recommended that Nasarawa state government should support the Board financially among other needs to enable the Board perform her functions effectively and efficiently.Item Open Access Efficiency of solid waste management methods in Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-01-06) Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, Mohammed; Opaluwa, O.D.The efficiency of solid waste management in Karu Local Government Area, Nasarawa State was studied through the administration of questionnaires to heads of household using systematic sampling methods. The study covered a wide range of socio-economic and demographic variables from the households, such that income of household heads, household size, educational status of household heads, methods and frequency/efficiency of waste collection; waste bins by households and disposals facilities used as well as the role played by government in waste management in the study area were investigated. The study area was divided into Masaka, Karu and Mararaba communities. The results were largely based on the data generated through the administration of questionnaires. 300 copies of questionnaires were administered to household heads in the three areas selected, where Masaka area had 75; Karu area had 108 while Mararaba area had 117. It was deduced that solid waste generated in all the areas remained for days or weeks without been evacuated and containers used for waste collection are not adequate, majority of household heads in the three areas use either plastic or metal buckets to collect and disposed their waste at the locations designated containers for such are placed and also that the socio-economic characteristics varied in all the three areas. Furthermore, at 5% level of significance, H-calculated (as against Ho, efficient waste management) for the three communities were 0.178<5.99<9.21, and are all higher than 0.05 with the implication that solid waste management is not efficient in all the areas. It is therefore, recommended that Nasarawa State should as a matter of priority release more funds to the body that is responsible for management of wastes'through Nasarawa State Berau of waste management, a unit under Nasarawa Urban Development Board to cope with the increasing volumes of wastes in the study area. This will help to reduce the high rate of the likelihood of outbreak of epidemic.Item Open Access An Evaluation of Soil Suitability for Selected Crops Growth in Bwari Area Council Abuja, Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2018-01-06) Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Bala, N.L.; Usman, S.L.; Alkali, MohammedItem Open Access EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF QUARRY ON MAIZE PRODUCTION IN MPAPE, FCT ABUJA, NIGERIA(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2018-02-06) Magaji, Joshua Ibrahim; Anzaku, I.M.; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Adana, Mohammed Yusuf; Alkali, MohammedThis paper evaluates the effect of Quarry on maize production in Mpape area of FCT, Abuja, Nigeria. Date for the study area gathered from primary and secondary data collected through questionnaire were presented using table and charts, and Interpretation with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS) analysis. This finding revealed that 100% of the respondents affirm their knowledge about quarrying in the study area. The results also show that 95.6% of the respondents agreed that quarrying serves as a means of livelihood in the study area. The results also confirmed that 87% of respondents of the study agreed that before the commencement of quarrying in the study area, lauduse for majorly for agricultural purposes. The result revealed that 91.1% of the respondents agreed that earnings from quarrying are higher than agriculture. The study shows that 85.5% of the respondent believed that agricultural activity in the area has been reduced as a result of quarrying. Most of the respondents agreed that maize production has been hampered by quarrying through degradation of agricultural lands due to increasing activities in the area. 61.1% of the respondents were in support of this fact. The issue of land degradation in the study area is as a result of pressure on land for rock materials extraction which is done by open pit cast method. The study recommends that stringent law should be spelt out which will mandate that quarrying companies and groups of individuals to reclaim the land property after quarrying activity. The reclamation should go beyond sand filling with clay.Item Open Access Examining the Relationship between Commercial Charcoal Production and Socioeconomic Variables in Nasarawa State, North-Central Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-04-04) Ekpo, Salamatu Abraham; Emmanuel, Ozim Chukwunonso; Ogah, Adamu TankoCharcoal is no longer a source of energy to only rural households but also a demanded commodity in urban areas around the world which has resulted in the commercialization of its production, particularly rural dwellers of developing countries such as Nigeria. Given the observed growing significance of charcoal in rural and urban livelihoods in Nasarawa State, this paper examined the relationship between commercial charcoal production and socioeconomic characteristics of the people involved in the activity. The study employed descriptive survey using both qualitative and quantitative data drawn from primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was administered to 450 r«. "-ondents randomly sampled from commercial charcoal producers drawn from 6 communities and 3 LGAs of Nasarawa State. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were also conducted and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Microsoft Excel and SPSS (version 23). Results showed that commercial charcoal producers in the study area were mostly between 21 and 50 years with dominance of those between 31 and 40 (30.9%) while those above 50 years were least represented (6. 9%).There was slight dominance of women (52.4%) among the producers and the they were mostly primary (44%) and secondary (35.6%) school certificate. Majority (48.2%) had household size of 4 - 6 and more than half (52 9%) were married and earned 20,000 naira and below on monthly basis (46.4%). There is strong relationship between the socioeconomic status of the respondents and commercial charcoal production in the study area. Their socioeconomic status proved to have served significant motivation to their rising involvement in the activity. Also alternative economic activities that guarani-.•:$ quick monetary rewards and is all age and gender engaging as well as requires no special skill and huge capitals for a start, should be planned for and introduced in the study area by the State Government.Item Open Access Impact of Parent Socio-Economic Status on the Nutrition of School Children in Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2018-01-06) Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Alkali, Mohammed; Hadi, A.M.; Bala, N.L.This study examined the impact of parent socio-economic status on the nutrition of school age children age (7-13) years in Kano metropolis. Stratified random sampling was used to select 300 pupils from six local government areas in Kano metropolis. The impact of parent's socio economic, education and profession was assessed in relation to nutritional status of the school age children and even housing setting of the households. The study was conducted using the Elley/lrving socio economic instruments. Questionnaires were administered to the pupils of the selectedprimary schools. Thefindings of the study revealed that parents pupils without literacy/Quranic constitute (20%) earn less than (N600.000-N1000,000)7$1667-$4444 annually; S5-S12 daily classified as low socio-economic, their pupils access daily meals one - two times, with literacy/basic background (80%) earn N600,000-N3000000 $1667-88333 annually/85-823 daily classified as medium and high socio-economic, pupils access meals ranges from two -four times daily. There is strong association between parents' socio-economic status with their level of education, profession, annual income and their pupil's nutrition.The study recommends the motivation and encouragement of farmers with available modern and simple farm input to engagethemselves in agriculture through which zero hunger campaign will be achieved.Item Open Access Morphometric and Morphological Analysis of Gullies in Lafia Lga, Nasarawa State, Nigeria(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-01-04) Alkali, Mohammed; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Anzaku, I.M.Item Open Access SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION IN GWAGWALADA AREA COUNCIL, FCT, ABUJA.(Department of Environmental Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2018-01-06) Alkali, Mohammed; Ogah, Adamu Tanko; Nasir, Liman B.; Francis, Ekor FidelisThe study evaluated the socioeconomic effects of deforestation in Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT, Abuja. It has also identified the factors responsible for deforestation. The study further examined the nature and extent of deforestation in the study area. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were used for the study. The selected villages of Dobi, Gwako, Kutunku, Ibwa-Sarki and Paiko village were purposively selected due to the fact that most of the activities related to deforestation such as farming, lumbering, rearing of animals (grazing), settlement construction,.fyel wood trade and so on are being practiced there. Simple | random sampling technique was used to select 50 respondents from each of the five selected villages in the study area. Primary and secondary data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistic. The major finding of the study shows that fuel wood was the highest cause of deforestation in Gwagwalada followed by agricultural activities and bushfire respectively. The study also revealed that deforestation has resulted in the loss of income/employment, loss of biodiversity, migration, reduction in tree density, declined in crop yield, cultural heritage and tourism as well as poverty. Based on the findings, the study recommends policies that will drastically reduce indiscriminate deforestation activities and encourage afforestation, reforestation, tree husbandry and tree planting in the study area; this will help to checkmate the j recent frequent conversion of forestland to arable cropping and other uses in Gwagwalada Area Council. The study further recommends that forest extension sendees to the rural households that engage in forestry activities should be strengthened through frequent training. This will help them have adequate and recent information about government policies on the environment and communicate the same to the rural stakeholders. Also, there is need for constant use of both electronic and print media in strengthening anti-deforestation awareness and in communicating recent forestry policies of the government to all the stakeholders in the study area.