Browsing by Author "Muhammad, Engku Nazri"

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    Adjusted-Program-Budget Marginal-Analysis for Student Development Activity Planning and Budget Allocation
    (Department of Statistics, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2018-06-03) Maijamaa, Bilkisu; Muhammad, Engku Nazri
    Setting priorities and making decisions on allocation and reallocation of university resources based on the direction of the university as translated in its strategic plan must be executed with transparency and accountability and will be of great importance. It is becoming even more crucial, particularly for universities in Malaysia with the recent budget cut imposed by the Malaysian government. In this paper, we proposed an implementation of Program-Budget Marginal-Analysis (PBMA) which is currently being employed for strategic budget planning in the health industry to be applied for the university strategic budget plan as part of the overall strategic planning process. Firstly, the similarities between the steps in PBMA with the steps involved in planning and executing the university strategic plan were studied. Next, the existing PBMA was adjusted and modeled to suit the needs of the steps involved in selecting and allocating budget for the students of UABC’s 2017 development activities. The outcome of this implementation using 0-1 integer programming model showed that the targeted achievements could be realized within the allocated budget that was provided by the university. This adjusted-PBMA will be useful and suitable to be implemented by organizations with key performance indicator-oriented programs and having limited budget allocation issues.
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    On Share Frailty Cure Model: An Application On Cervical Cancer
    (Department of Statistics, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2016-03-11) Maijamaa, Bilkisu; Muhammad, Engku Nazri
    Survival analyses are greatly used in medical research especially frailty models which are mostly used to account for heterogeneity in time-to-event. Over the years treatment of cancer has progressed with some patients being cured from different type of cancer. Survival analysis is more focused on subjects that are less at risk of recurrences, metastasis or death after the first treatment as these set of subjects are regarded as being cured. The general assumption of standard frailty model is that all subjects have the same frailty. These assumptions ignore the heterogeneity of such frailties and will lead to incorrect results and conclusions. To address the identified deficiencies in previous studies, this research will propose a shared frailty cure model. Shared frailty assumes that within a cluster the value of frailty term is improved with constant and common frailty to all subjects in the same group clusters by measuring the correlation between event times within the cluster, hence representing changes over time in clusters or population heterogeneity. These structures can be achieved by introducing covariates that are rank specific by the process Shared frailty model, addressing the weakness of the cure frailty model by considering the homogeneity in groups or clusters were failure can be similar by having the same frailty.
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    Optimal Budget Allocation for University Research and Publication Agenda through Integer Programming
    (Department of Statistics, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2017-09-20) Maijamaa, Bilkisu; Muhammad, Engku Nazri; Bakar, Abu Engku
    For the past few years, government-funded universities in Malaysia faced an uphill battle to strategize their management budget due to significant budget cut by the Malaysian Government. One portion of the budget will be spent towards achieving the key performance indicators (KPIs) set by the universities to achieve their annual targets. Unfortunately, some universities set up their specific strategies to achieve the KPIs without ample consideration to the limited available resources where less attention is channeled to the cost of achieving the KPIs. Setting priorities and making decisions on allocation and reallocation of resources based on the direction of the strategies must be executed with transparency and accountability and will be of great importance. In this paper we illustrate how integer programming was applied to allocate budget based on the KPIs set for one of the government-funded Malaysian universities’ (U-XYZ’s) research and publication agenda. Two models were developed and successfully solved. The first model was to determine the total budget needed if all the KPIs were to be achieved while the second model was to distribute the allocated budget set by U-XYZ, for all the activities planned for the agenda. The result showed that in order to achieve the target, U-XYZ has to increase its budget allocation by RM2.164 million. Otherwise, U-XYZ can only expect to obtain 1.578 out of 1.593 points that is required to be achieved.
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    Pre-emptive Integer Programming As a Method Achieving Priotization for Decision Making
    (Department of Statistics, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2019-02-23) Maijamaa, Bilkisu; Muhammad, Engku Nazri
    With limited availability of resources, an approach to moderate both financial and quality output with transparency to allocate the available budget for better decision making is of great importance. Budget allocation on strategies is needed, Preemptive Integer programming model is proposed in this research paper to optimize the budget allocated by organizational management. In the model, marginal analysis is estimated in the form of rating by each strategy with respect to the amount of money spent on the strategy for previous year was used as a base, calculated and used as either the parameter for the respective variable in the objective function or the constraints in the models. The optimal results obtained were discussed and compared. This preemptive integer programming as a method achieving Priotization for decision making proves useful and suitable for organisations with strategies used as oriented programs to improve organizational output with limited availability of resources
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    Program-Budget Marginal-Analysis for University Strategies concept of Planning and Execution
    (Department of Statistics, Nasarawa State University Keffi., 2018-06-22) Maijamaa, Bilkisu; Muhammad, Engku Nazri
    Research addressing budgeting allocation planning on budget allocation and execution planning on Priotization of strategies are scanty in literature. This study presents program-budget marginal-analysis for university budget planning and execution aimed at priotizing budget allocation on strategies used for improving university rating. The research will illustrate the program-budget marginal-analysis with little adjustment to suit the university strategic budget allocations. This paper proposes a conceptional frame work for budget planning execution on university strategies. The framework for implementing PBMA will identify the total amount of available resources or funding allocated to priorities, examination of the current allocation activity, evaluation of benefit of cost of expansion with regards to both existing and new introduced strategies, in any of the existing services in use, which is effective with fewer resources allocation. Alternatives to be allocated fewer resources with greater effectiveness included in the priotized list. The budget allocation has the potential to maximize efficiency of each strategic allocation for improving the university rating.