Browsing by Author "Krzysztof, Schoeneich"

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    Hospital Water Demand/Consumption: A Case Study of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika.
    (Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-11-03) Baba, Adama Oleka; Krzysztof, Schoeneich; Abubakar, Aisha Kana
    This work provki/r^sis of understanding groundwater potential of the Ahmadu Beljp .‘,|:r»iversity - ^ j ting Hospital, Shika, the water demand and requirement for \ The resistivity values obtain shows the water bearing zones ranges fmone point 4v ree other. The water potential of the area is good though, the ,e varies uom point to point depending on the conductivity, thickness, and ■Ti-TTer characteristics. Shika hospital is located on Metamorphic (Gneiss) with maximum thickness of water bearing soft rock of 30 m. The two interconnected aquifers, the Soft Overburden and the Fractured Crystalline Aquifers stores good quantity of water. The groundwater flow directions of this area which stores water is that the water flow away to recharge the surface water. Solution to water problem in the study area is to rely on surface water via overhead tanks and the use of groundwater for emergency situation. Water demand of the Hospital is 154 m3/d. Total water demand of the hospital is 438.39(m3/d) and Unit water per day per bed is 0.877(m3/d). The Hospital Static Groundwater Resources 494,350m3, Total Dynamic Groundwater Resources 58,518.1m3/a and Utilizable Dynamic Groundwater Resources 29,259.05m3/a or (80.16 m3/d). The water demand /requirement using WHO (2005) standard is 77,000 Ipcd (77m3/d). The unit water demand per bed per day of Shika hospital is 0.877 m3/d. The coefficient of surface runoff of the study area is 0.18, base flow (infiltration) 0.1, and total runoff 0.28. The annual volume of surface runoff for ABU Teaching Hospital Shika is 1,039,209 m3/a. Total surface water resources of the study area is 1,918,636 m3/a. Proper planning is fundamental to protection, conservation and constant water supply. ABUTH water supply has been from boreholes, Zaria and Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) water works. Therefore, with proper management, ABUTH should not experience water scarcity. All the storage tanks both ground and overhead should be reactivated and sluice valves replaced and/or serviced with good chamber for proper security to minimize usage, wastage and delivery of water to different department of the hospital through its water distribution network pipeline while its groundwater resources should be a supplementary water sources because a hospital should have constant water supply and ABUTH should not be an exception.
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    Measurement of remaining storage, rate of siltation, and rate of erosion of the Ahmadu Bello University Farm Lake drainage Basin in Zaria
    (Department of Geology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2012-03-03) Baba, Adama Oleka; Akaegbobi, Mike; Krzysztof, Schoeneich
    Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital at Shika, 547 beds and water demand 154 m3/d, suffers from inadequate and irregular water supply. But there is a nearby abandoned impounding reservoir constructed around 1966, with original storage capacity 636,300 m3. The authors propose to use this reservoir as the main source of water for Shika Hospital. However, it is not known whether after 43 years of siltation, the reservoir still contains enough water to meet water demand from the hospital. To determine, how much water is still available in the impounding reservoir after many years of siltation, the authors embarked a boat and measured the remaining storage of the reservoir as 349,911 m3. Thereafter calculated rate of siltation between years 1966 and 2009 as 6,600 m3/y, rate of erosion in the drainage basin during the same period as 0.559 mm/y, and safe yield during 176 days of hydrological dry season as non existing, because after deduction of losses to evaporation calculated as 194,560 m3/y and deduction of 272,700 m3 of environmental reserve - minimum necessary to preserve aquatic wildlife, there is no active storage left. Since there is no active storage, there is also no safe yield and there is no water for Shika Hospital. The authors conclude that the University Farm Lake cannot serve as source of water for Shika Hospital, unless it is dredged to its original storage capacity. The impounding reserve will soon be lost. In some year to come there will be little or no more water in it because it will completely be silted up as there will even be no trace of it seen on the maps. @JASEM
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    WATER BUDGET FOR MAIN CAMPUS OF THE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
    (Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2016-03-06) Baba, Adama Oleka; Krzysztof, Schoeneich; Enoch, Ikpokonte
    Water supply to the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Main Campus, based on surface water from an impounding reservoir, is irregular, in some areas only few hours daily, while pressure at the taps is low. Explanations are many and contradict each other. Some accusing fingers point out at the silting up of the Kubanni Dam, until recently the only source of water. Others say that the water demand in the Campus grew beyond installed capacity of the Waterworks. However, all critics agree that the ABU Water Supply Scheme is ailing. As a remedy, Ahmadu Bello University embarked on drilling boreholes to supplement its ailing surface water scheme. The Authors were pessimistic: as long as reason(s) of inadequate surface water supply has/have not been identified, the boreholes may not help. They may soon dry up one after another if there is not enough water underground. But how much water is there, underground? Nobody knows. How much water is available from the ground surface? Again nobody knows. What is the water demand of the Campus? Nobody knows. Without answering these questions, no viable water policy is possible. The Authors observed this and prepared the following water budget: Water consumption in the Campus in the year 2005 was 3,101 m3/d . Total Surface Water Resources are 24,410 m3/d while Utilizable Surface Water Resources are 3,214 m3/d, which is still more than the water consumption. Utilizable Groundwater Resources are negligible and amounts to 37 m3/d, too little to supplement the ailing surface water supply. The finding of the research is that there is enough surface water to meet water demand from the Campus now and in the future. Was it, then, a right decision to tap groundwater as a supplement to the surface water? There was no such a need, the paper concludes.
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    Water Budget formulation for Ahmadu Bello University main Campus as a Water Resources Management Option
    (Department of Geology and Minning, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2016-06-06) Baba, Adama Oleka; Krzysztof, Schoeneich; Enoch, Ikpokonte
    This study provides a water resources management option through formulation of water budget for the main campus of the Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria using secondary data obtained from various sources. The data revealed that, water consumption in the campus in the year 2005 was 3,101 m3/d and 3,125 m3/d in year 2015. Available total surface water resources (ATSWR) are 24,410 m3/d while utilizable total surface water resources (UTSWR) are 3,214 m3/d. The investigation shows that, at the time of this study ATSWR was more than UTSWR. The Authors prepare water budget: Total surface water resources (TSWR) in the campus are 24,410 m3/d while utilizable surface water resources (USWR) are 3,214 m3/d. ©JASEM