Browsing by Author "James, B.A."

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    Changes in Some Biochemical Parameters and Body Weights of Healthy Albino Rats Following Palm-wine Administration
    (Department of Biochemistry, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-11-12) Haruna, Sunday Gambo; Nwaikuku, O.B.; James, B.A.; Musa, N.; Valentine, R.
    Aims: To evaluate the effect of palm-wine administration on liver function, antioxidant parameters and body weights in albino rats. Study Design: Randomized block design. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria between June and August, 2019. Methodology: Twenty adult male albino rats were divided in to five groups of four rats each, group 1 was the control. The experimental groups were administered fresh and prolonged-fermented palm-wine thus; Group 2: 15ml/ of fresh palm wine, Group 3; 15ml/ kg of prolonged fermented palm wine, Group 4; 30ml/ kg of fresh palm wine, Group 5; 30 ml/ kg of prolonged fermented palm wine, for 28 days. Results: AST activity decreased significantly (P<0.05) in groups 3 (9.615±0.225), 4 (9.860±0.162) and 5 (9.390±0.624) when compared to the control (10.505±0.121). ALT activity was observed to decrease significantly (P<0.05) in group 5 (7.415±0.548) when compared to control. ALP decreased significantly (P<0.05) in group 3 (7.395±0.710) when compared to control (8.250±0.577). Total Bilirubin, was significantly (P<0.05) lower in groups 3 (0.120±0.041) and 5 (0.170±0.012) compared to control (0.650±0.012). MDA decreased significantly (P< 0.05) in groups 2, 3 and 5 compared to control. SOD decreased significantly (P<0.05) in group 2 (2.735±0.110) compared to control (2.990±0.012). Groups 4 (2.700±0.046) and 5 (2.710±0.346) showed significant (P< 0.05) decrease in GPX when compared to control. GSH was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in groups 4 (5.950±0.058) and 5 (5.925±0.064) compared to control (3.110±0.035). By the third week, the mean body weights of the rats significantly (P<0.05) decreased in all the groups compared to week 2. Conclusion: Palm-wine did not exert remarkable toxic effect on the liver biomarkers and may not have induced oxidative stress but reduced body weights of the rats in the third week of administration
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    The In vivo Trend Analysis of Kidney Function Indices and Lipid Profile of Albino Rats Administered Palm-Wine
    (Department of Biochemistry, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-03-22) Haruna, Sunday Gambo; Enemali, M.O.; Asogwa, O.B.; Sani, M.H.; James, B.A.
    The present study evaluated the dynamics of kidney function indices and lipid profile of albino rats after administration of palm-wine to them. The fresh palm-wine was collected from a local palm-wine tapper on daily basis and divided in to two portions. The first portion was labelled “Fresh palmwine” and administered (15 ml/kg) to group 2 and (30 ml/kg) to group 4, the second portion was allowed to ferment for additional ten hours and labelled “prolonged-fermented palm-wine” and administered (15 ml/kg) to group 3 and (30 ml/kg) to group 5. Group one served as the control and received distilled water, all for 28 days. Each group was randomly allocated four rats. Results (mmol/ml) revealed a significantly(p<0.05) lower concentration of urea (10.21±0.40), higher creatinine (0.37±0.17), K+ (4.06±0.06) and Cl- (86.12±4.61) in group 2 when compared to the control; 11.035±.110, 0.395±0.06, 3.945±.064, 80.090±0.25 respectively. In group 3, the concentrations of urea (11.70±0.35), creatinine (0.42±0.12) and Cl- (88.57±0.50) were significantly (p<0.05) higher when compared to the control. Na+ (120.09±10.40) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in group 4 when compared to the control (100.065±0.75). TAG (in mg/dL) (2.18±0.10) was significantly(p<0.05) higher in group 2 compared to control (1.96±0.023). T. cholesterol (3.125±0.27) and LDL-C (1.64±0.47) were significantly (p<0.05) lower in group 3 compared to the control; 1.99±0.052, respectively with significantly(p<0.05) elevated HDL (1.11±0.22) compared to control (0.840±0.092). TAG (2.190±0.25) and HDL-C (1.15±0.23) increased significantly(p<0.05) while LDL-C (1.58±0.14) decreased significantly (p<0.05) in group 4 compared to control; 1.960±0.023, 0.840±0.092, 1.985±0.052 respectively. T. cholesterol (2.93±0.08) and LDLC (1.56±0.03) decreased significantly(p<0.05) with significant(p<0.05) increase in HDL-C (0.99±0.10) in group 5 compared to the control. Fresh and prolonged-fermented palm-wine may adversely affect kidney function indices and lipid profile.