Browsing by Author "Ibrahim, Haruna"

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    Application of Potassium Impregnated Calcium Oxide/Magnesium Oxide Catalyst for Transesterification of Jatropha Curcas Oil with Methanol
    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2018-11-16) Ibrahim, Haruna; Hayatudeen, Aminu; Yunusa, Suleiman
    Biodiesel production using homogenous catalysts associates with high energy consumption and production cost due to the complicated separation and purification of the products. In this investigation, a solid base catalyst, 10%K-CaO/MgO was synthesized, analyzed and used to produce biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil with methanol. The catalyst loading was 0.4 % mass of the oil while the transesterification times were 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes at 60°C. The methyl esters yields were 94.20, 92.00, 82.13, 82.81 and 82.09 % respectively. There was no glycerol in any of the five products.
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    Effect of alumina support on cow bone-based catalyst in one-step transesterification of neem seed oil
    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2021-06-08) Evangnum, Nelson Jack; Yunusa, Suleiman; Abubakar, Abdulkareem; Ibrahim, Haruna
    Alumina supported heterogenous base catalyst (CaO/alumina) was developed from cow bone via wet impregnation method and used with Ferric sulphate for one step transesterification of neem seed oil. Effect of alumina support on cow bone ash was studied for transesterification process and was compared with cow bone ash without alumina support. Transesterification of the neem seed oil was done at 120 minutes for 3 %w/w, 4 %w/w, 5 %w/w and 6 %w/w catalyst loading at 60 0C temperature and 15:1 methanol to oil ratio. Optimum conversion of biodiesel was at 2 hours reaction time and 5 wt % catalyst loading, 4:1 Ferric sulphate to cow bone ash ratio, 60 0C temperature and 15:1 methanol to oil ratio for cow bone ash supported with alumina. The synthesized catalyst was characterised using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The transesterified oil was analysed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. GCMS analysis gave a conversion of 96.53% for cow bone ash/Al2O3 and 76.33% for cow bone without support. The oil was also characterised for physicochemical properties which meets ASTM standard. Result showed that synthesized catalyst using alumina support enhanced production of high yield biodiesel in 2 hours reaction time.