Browsing by Author "Ibrahim, Abdul"

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    An Adjusted Classical Models For Interest-free Financing in Nigeria.
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2020-09-04) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani
    This paper examines an interest-free macroeconomic models by adjusting the classical model into an interest-free macroeconomic model as a basis for developing a comparative analysis, The study adopted a descriptive approach by describing the mechanics for obtaining an interest-free macroeconomic model from a prototype western model. It was observed that most Muslims in Nigeria are interested in adopting interest free financing under the western system. This is a reason for converting a western model into an interest-free model.This conversion allows policy-makers to gain useful insight in the process in transition from the western system to the Islamic system. The Islamic principle of prohibition of interest is incorporated into the selected model to develop a general macroeconomic system applicable for those economies in which an interest-free financial system is prevalent, such as Nigeria. It was concluded that application of western scientific tools of analysis is accepted in Islam as long as they are free of anti-lslamic elements and this has also conform with the Central Bank of Nigeria draft guidelines for regulations of interest free banking in Nigeria.
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    ANALYSIS OF INFLATION CONVERGENCE IN THE ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS) ZONE (1987-2021)
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2022-10-21) Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Abdou Moussa, Maman Nansir; Ibrahim, Abdul
    This study examines the convergence of inflation (country annual average inflation rate) through it determinants vis-a-vis the set convergence criteria in the Economic Community of West African States during the period 1987-2020. The study adopted ex-post factor design in order to answer the research questions. The study undertook unit root test employing Levin, Lin, and Chu (LLC) panel unit root method to check the stationarity of the variables, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Error Correction Model (ECM) to determine whether or not they are co-integrated and a dynamic fixed effect panel data model covering 15 countries over the period under review. The study found that while West African Economic Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries inflation rates fall below the threshold, West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) inflation rates are beyond the ECOWAS inflation convergence rate of less than or equal to 5 percent, that cross-country differences in inflation rates are attributed to the variation of the output gap, the increase in liquidity, the variation of exchange and interest rates, and the persistent increase in the price level. In the view of targeting the five percent (5 %) percent convergence criterion, the study recommended that Changes of traditional country monetary approaches to a supranational monetary authority that compels compliance to a regional monetary and inflation targets, stimulation of economic growth, lowering of interest rates as well as adoption of a strong and efficient exchange rate mechanism becomes imperative for the ECOWAS member states.
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    An Analysis on the Causes and Effects of Recent Economic Recession on the Nigerian Economy
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2018-12-12) Ibrahim, Sadiq Abubakar; Lanhui, Wang; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ekanayake, B.P.; Ibrahim, Abdul; Aree, Sasima
    This research investigates the causes and effects of the recent economic recession on the Nigerian economy. Corruption, mismanagement of funds by past administration, windah/.ation of oil pipeline. Boko Ilaram insurgency, oil price shocks, delay in approving national budget are the main causes of the recent economic ierosion in Nigeria. The effect of recession in an economy result to a fall in aggregate demand, decrease in consumption, increase in unemployment, inflation and in general high cost of living. The study employed ordinary least square method in the analysis of this research and the result from findings shows ilw rate of inflation has negative effects on the Nigerian economy as it was evidenced from the result and when prices of commodities are mflaied, it affect all the economic activities in the country. The findings also rescaled that debt negatively affect Nigerian economy and this is because the money borrowed was diverted to illegal cliannel bv the corrupt instead of ii.-.e .iiug iato economy I'Memphis mciil rate and (il)P show-, to be podlis els ret tied and this was because of the increases in population of the country. Based on the results from findings it was recommended that instruments of monetary and fiscal policies should be effectively used to tackle the economic recession and bring the economic activities back on track and thus, effective used of both the monetary and fiscal policies is not only (he .sufficient condition hut a necessary condition.
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    Bank Service Quality in Kaduna Metropolis: An Assessment of the Automated Teller Machine (ATM)
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2018-08-15) Umaru, Ibrahim Gerarh; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ibrahim, Abdul
    The automated teller machine (ATM) was introduced to the Nigerian financial market initially by banks as a platform to deliver electronic banking. Its use was later promoted by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as an instrument to achieve some ofthe objectives of its cashless policyfirst introduced in 2012. The ultimate acceptability and patronage of this platform however depends on the general perception of the quality of service it delivers. This study evaluates bank customers' experience with the A TMusing the SER VP ERFfiximework and using Metropolitan Kaduna as a point of reference. The findings of the study reveal that the median score for the quality of ATM service adjudged by clients was4 out of 10. Further statistical analysis suggests that the seeming neglect of the attributes of responsiveness, assurance and empathy dimensions of bank service might have been responsible for the dismal rating of the quality of ATM service delivery by clients in the study area. The study identifies level of education, ATM monthly usage and monthly income and ability to timely deliver on promise as the major factors influencing customers' perception of quality of service. To improve on customer ATM experience, the study suggests, among others, alternative means of providing faster and safe ATM service, investing in newer technology and intensifying public enlightenment on the use and advantages of ATM.
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    COMMERCIAL TRICYCLE: JOB CREATION AND INCOME GENERATION IN NASARAWA STATE - NIGERIA
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2018-12-14) Umaru, Ibrahim Gerarh; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ibrahim, Abdul
    The study examines the contribution of commercial tricycle; job creation and income generation in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. This study adopted a survey research technique. The data used in this study was gathered from primary sources, collected from cross-sectional surveys of commercial tricycle operators, officials of relevant trade unions, Nasarawa State license office (Central Motor Registry Unit), Nasarawa State Board of Internal Revenue and end users of their services using a comprehensive and structured questionnaire /interview method, as well as Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The study employed an optimized ouput -revenue framework, which is a technique of finding the best possible of output and price level to give the most possible revenue. It was discovered that over the years, accidents involving Commercial tricycle, resulting from reckless driving and refusal to comply with traffic rules have been on the increase in direct proportion to the number of commercial tricycles for commercial purposes. The study also discovered that commercial tricycle riders or operators are confronted with high cost of setting up the business. The findings revealed that about 171,000 persons were employed by the business in 2017, but commercial tricycle business has the potential to create 29,050,728jobs to persons operating at full capacity. It also revealed that the business has the potential to contribute about N530million in taxes to the state coffers annually. The study recommends that there should be a purposeful regulation of the commercial tricycle business with the sole intention of widening the tax net to capture the activities of those currently edge to bridge the gap caused by the ban on motorcycle.
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    An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of ECOWAS Trade Liberalisation Scheme on Economic Growth in Nigeria
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2021-06-08) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ahmed, Bala I.; Shitu, Shuaibu Umar
    This study empirically analyses the impact of ECOWAS Trade Liberalisation Scheme (ETLS) on Economic Growth in Nigeria for the period 1990 -2018. Data from the CBN Statistical Bulletin and ECOWAS annual year book were used for the study.while the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag Model (ARDL) was employed to analyse the data. The findings reveal that ETLS is statistically significant in stimulating economic growth in Nigeria in both the long and short run for the period under review. Diagnostic tests confirm that the model is free from serial correlation, with residuals normally distributed. The CUSUM and CUSUMSQ show that the model is structurally stable while the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) indicates that once there is disequilibrium in the system, it takes an average (high) speed of 42.6% to adjust itself back towards long-run equilibrium level. The study recommends that Nigerian government must as a matter of urgency come up with policies and programmes that will make Nigeria a key player in the effective implementation of the ECOWAS Trade Liberalization Scheme so as to stimulate economic growth and also the need to strengthen the mechanisms and streamline the procedures involved in the ETLS to be able to improve the intra-ECOWAS trade to desired levels as well as Nigeria should also initiate the process of the review of the ETLS Protocols in line with current realities and happenings in the trade arena such as the AFCFTA negotiation ongoing in the African Continent.
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    Governance treasury single account and sustainable development in Nigeria
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2019-04-09) Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Sabo, Ajidani Moses; Ibrahim, Abdul
    Some of the problems bedevilling Nigeria economy in the recent times include corruption, mismanagement, wastages and financial leakages. These have caused inadequate funds for public investments in the economy. This study is designed to evaluate treasury single account (TSA) policy as it affects sustainable development in the country. Questionnaire method was adopted in collecting data used for the study. Results showed that TSA has impacted positively on Nigeria in general and public finance in particular and hence sustainable development in the country. Thus, it is recommended that the implementation of TSA in Nigeria should be sustained so as to accumulate enough funds for present as well as future use, to achieve sustainable development. Keywords: government treasury single account, sustainable development, wastages, corruption and financial leakages.
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    Impact of Border Closure in Nigeria: Pains and Gains
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2021-12-23) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Musa, Sale Ibrahim; Sulaiman, Alhaji Ismaila
    This paper analyzes impact of border closurein Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design. Primary data was used which was obtained through the administration questionnaire. Several threats to Nigeria that lead to the consideration of border significant impact on Nigeria's infant firms, a coordinated terrorist attack or raising insecurity, smuggling and illegal immigration. The results shows that rice imports banned through land borders, and the economic •"^relationship between the two countries, both members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), is already asymmetric, with Nigeria exerting much more influence on Benin than vice versa. The result also shows that given Nigeria's larger population, economy, and natural resource wealth, Benin has adopted a strategy centered on being "entrepot state," i.e., serving as a trading hub, importing goods and re-exporting them legally but most often illegally to Nigeria, thus profiting from distortions in Nigeria's economy.lt was concluded that if a country is trying to grow strong in a new industry, tariffs protect it from foreign competitors and this will give the new industry time to develop their own comparative advantage as well as temporarily creates jobs for domestic's workers in Nigeria.
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    Impact of Capital Market on growth of the Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2022-06-07) Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ibrahim, Abdul; Shitu, Shuaibu Umar
    The study examined the impact of Capital Market on the Growth of Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria. Time series data was used. Due to the nature of the data, they were subjected to various tests such as unit root, co-integration and Granger causality tests. The study adopted is error correction mechanism technique to in thesetimation of the model. The regression result shows that the R2 is about 0.87 implying that the independent variables has explained about 85% of the variations in dependent variable. The Durbin Watson statistics is 1.9 which indicates a little presence of Auto correlation. The result further revealed that the coefficients of market capitalization and total new issue were negatively signed and statistical significant of 5% level of significance but the coefficient of value of capital transaction shows positive sign and statistical significant at 5% level of significance. This shows that value of capital transaction has positive and strong influence on manufacturing sector output within the time under review. The co-integration result revealed that there exist long-run relationship between manufacturing output and market capitalization. Also the result revealed that there was unidirectional causality between manufacturing sector output and capital market capitalization. Therefore, it is recommended among others that monetary authorities should supervise the capital market effectively to ensure the growth of manufacturing sector in Nigeria.
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    IMPACT OF MINE CLOSURE ON THE BARITES MINING COMMUNITIES IN NASARAWA STATE: A QUALITATIVE RESPONES APPROARCH
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2021-08-12) Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ibrahim, Abdul; Ilemona, Adofu
    This study attempts an evaluation of the impacts of mine closure on the Barites mining communities in Nasarawa state. It uses descriptive and inferential approaches; it employed changes in disposable income, aggregate demand, population, economic activities, and hectare of land degraded as the basis for the evaluation of the social and economic implication of mine closure on the livelihood of the Barites mining communities in the state. Data were generated from primary source and analyzed using Logistic regression technique. The study established that closure of Barites mining activities in the state has slowed down economic activities as well as the livelihood capabilities of the mining communities. The study posits that closure in the mining activities has brought some implications in the area of employment opportunities; decrease disposable income and wealth creation. It however dislocates the social values of the inhabitants leading to high rate of crime, and alarming percentage of teenage pregnancy, HIV AIDS and broken marriages. The study suggests that both the mining companies and the government should mitigate these challenges by providing the mining communities with the essential threshold of life that may re-engineer their livelihood back where it was before the mining activities. Apart from this, the closure of mines should follow a gradual and adaptive processes, as well as legal procedure with adequate consultation with the inhabitants taken into account that the mine is their chief source of livelihood.
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    THE IMPACT OF NON-OIL SECTOR ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA. (1980-2014)
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2016-09-02) Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Yahaya, Yusuf; Ibrahim, Sadiq Abubakar; Ibrahim, Abdul
    The research work examined the impact of non-oil sector on the economic growth of Nigeria between 1980 and 2014. The challenges of non^oi/ sector is not that.is being over shadowed by the oil sector, but traceable to declining non-oil export and loss of market share in the non-oil trade globally is a clear evidence of how the non-oil sector competitiveness of the Nigerian economy has been consistently eroded over the last three decades. The main objective of the study was to examine the impact of non-oil sector on the economic growth of Nigeria between 1980 and 2014. The data of this study was sourced from secondary data. Multiple regression model based on the econometric technique was used in the analysis of data collected. In the coursed of analysis, a unit root test, co integration test, Vector Autoregression, and correlation test was conducted in order to determine the stationary, long run relationship, the impacts of the independent variables on the dependent variable, and the strength and direction of the relationship among the variables was conducted. The finding shows that non-oil sector has a significant impact on the economic growth of Nigeria. Based on the findings, the following policies options were proffer; diversification of the economy is not only necessary but efficient in the Nigerian economy. Agriculture, manufacturing\ and industrial sectors should be more funded and equipped to ensure good outputs and contributions.
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    Macro-Economics, Theory and Applications
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2020-03-25) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ahmed, bala I.; Umaru, Ibrahim Gerarh
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    Public expenditure, agricultural production and sustainable food security in Nigeria
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2018-06-30) Sabo, Ajidani Moses; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ibrahim, Abdul
    There has been persistent rise in prices of food items in Nigeria in the recent times contributing to compound food insecurity in the country. This study has examined the effect of public expenditure on agricultural production and sustainable food security in Nigeria. Ordinary least squares multiple regression technique using time series data was used to carry out the analysis. It was found that both government total expenditure and agricultural expenditure have significant positive effect on food security in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that Nigerian government should continue to increase its total expenditure as well as agricultural expenditure so that more food items would be produced for domestic consumption to guarantee food security in the country.
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    Towards understanding relationships of demand and supply of transportation services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja-Nigeria
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2019-12-25) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ahmed, Bala I.
    This paper assessed the relationships between transport supply and demand. The basic objective of this paper is to explore and to elaborate the fundamental characteristics of transport supply and demand, the factors that determine the transport supply and demand in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. This paper adopted a survey research method andilt was observed that price changes not only affect the level of transport demand but can also lead to shifts of demand to other routes, alternative transport modes and or other time periods and the result revealed that there is an inverse relationship between supply and demand of transport services, if transport costs are high, demand is low as the consumers of a transport service (either freight or passengers) are less likely to use it. If transport costs are low, the demand would be high as users would get more services for the same cost. If costs are high, transport providers would be willing to supply high quantities of services since high profits are likely to arise under such circumstances. If costs are low, the quantity of transport services would be low as many providers would see little benefits operating at a loss. Based on result, we recommend that transportation yield management should be put in place to address this inverse relationship between supply and demand for transport service in the FCT.
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    Traffic Congestion in F.C.T: Demand and Supply Approach
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2020-03-11) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Umaru, Ibrahim Gerarh
    This study examined traffic congestion in Abuja metropolis, F.C.T.- Nigeria using demand and supply approach. The study adopted survey research design. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was used to analysedj u the data with the aid of tables and graphs. It was discovered that as a road reaches its capacity, each additional vehicle imposes more total delay on others than they bear, resulting in excessive traffic volumes. Congestion is mainly due to the intensive use of automobiles, whose ownership has spread massively in the F.C.T. in recentdecades. The study revealed that traffic congestion causes serious consequences in the F.C.T. by increasing travel time, arrival j unreliability particularly, during peak hours, fuel consumption, pollution emissions and driver stress, and reduce life satisfaction. The study recommends the need to expand road capacity and greater utilization of\ modes of transportation with a high occupancy coefficient, including carpooling and rationalization of on-street parking