Browsing by Author "Carole, Nweze Chibuzor"

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    Comparative Evaluation of Phyto Chemical Composition and In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity of N-Hexane Extract Of Two Types of Ipomoea Batatas and Standard Nutraceutical
    (Department of Biochemistry, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2021-02-10) Carole, Nweze Chibuzor; Haruna, Sunday Gambo; Ukamaka, Ijeomah Ann; Bamidele, James; Iliasu, Muhammed Jimoh
    The plant tuber, I. batatas may be regarded as a functional food if found to contain some beneficial bioactive compounds which may improve health and management of diseases. The current study comparatively evaluated the phytochemical composition, invitro antioxidant activity as well as free radical scavenging properties of n-hexane extract of white I. batatas and pink I. batatas with a standard synthetic nutraceutical. All analyses followed standard methods. Phytochemical analysis of the I. batatas revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, saponins and phenol in the extracts of the two I. batatas pecies. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of the pink I. batatas (36.27±0.01, 38.71±0.01, 49.34±0.01, 53.59±0.01, 54.63±0.01) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher compared to the standard neutraceutical (39.18±0.01, 43.65±0.01, 43.93±0.01, 54.19±0.01, 57.24±0.01). Ascorbic acid (15.48±2.94 mg/dl) and Vitamin B2 (1.30±0.26 mg/dl) concentrations in the pink I. batata extract were significantly (p < 0.05) higher when compared to the standard Nutraceutical (11.81±8.04) and (1.16±0.02) resspectively. A higher percentage inhibition of the radical “ferric ion” by the white and pink I. batatas was higher when compared to the standard nutraceutical. The 2,2‟-Azinobis3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher by the white (75.19±0.01, 75.66±0.02, 73.56±0.01, 71.94±0.03, 69.36±0.01) and the pink (77.45±0.01, 75.22±0.01, 76.73±0.01, 74.64±0.01, 72.37±0.01) compared to the standard nutraceutical (74.17±0.01,74.36±0.01, 75.46±0.01, 74.28±0.01, 72.10±0.01). Hydrogen peroxide decomposition activity was also significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the white (55.59±0.02) and pink (57.63±0.01) I. batatas at 0.4 mg/ml sample concentrations compared to the standard nutraceutical. The results of this research showed that the white and pink I. batata extracts are rich in phytochemicals and vitamins and possess free radical scavenging and inhibiting abilities, indicating their prospects of being used as natural nutraceuticals and could serve as alternatives to the synthetic nutraceuticals which are often expensive and inaccessible by rural dwellers.
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    Effect of Aluminium Phosphide on Some Nutrients and Anti-Nutritional Factors in Arachis hypogaea
    (Department of Biochemistry, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-12-31) Carole, Nweze Chibuzor; Haruna, Sunday Gambo; Dallah, Aminu; Danjuma, Belove Tsalla
    To comparatively study the effect of aluminium phosphide preservative on some nutrientional and anti-nutritional factors in Arachis hypogaea. Study Design: Randomized design Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Nasarawa State University, Keffi between May and August, 2019. Methodology: Two portions of A. hypogaea weighing 500g each, were obtained, one portion preserved with Aluminium phosphide tablet while the second portion was without any preservative. The preservation lasted for 30 days after which the A. hypogaea was blended using a mechanical blender before analysis for nutritional and anti-nutritional compositions. Result: The proximate compositions were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the NAPP than APP except the fiber (03.01±0.06 mg/100 g; 03.80±0.06 mg/100 g) and ash (01.00±0.06 mg/100 g; 02.23±0.06 mg/100 g). Carbohydrates (07.40±0.06 mg/100 g; 03.48±0.06 mg/100 g), protein (19.93±0.06 mg/100 g; 14.94±0.06 mg/100), fat (74.60±0.06 mg/100g; 68.08±2.75 mg/100 g), and moisture content (06.40±0.06 mg/100 g; 3.00±0.06 mg/100 g). Exception of phosphorus(65.00±0.06mg/100g; 63.00±0.06mg/100g), the minerals concentration was significantly(p<0.05) higher in NAPP compared to APP. Iron (76.20±0.06 mg/100 g; 62.00±0.06 mg/100 g), potassium (38.01±0.06mg/100 g; 26.20±0.06mg/100g), manganese (26.02±0.06mg/100g; 15.10±0.06 mg/100 g), magnesium (11.00±0.06mg/100g; 06.00±0.06 mg/100 g), calcium (82.10±0.06 mg/100 g; 72.00±0.06 mg/100 g) and zinc (25.01±0.06 mg/100 g; 14.01±0.06 mg/100 g).The anti-nutritional factors showed significant difference (p<0.05) higher in tannin (9.33±0.69 mg/100 g; 1.90±0.02 mg/100 g), oxalate (32.50±0.60 mg/100 g; 42.50±.60 mg/100 g), phytate (16.72±0.60 mg/100 g; 5.48±0.60 mg/100 g), alkaloid (16.72±0.60 mg/100g; 5.48±0.60 mg/100 g) and saponins (40.74±0.60 mg/100 g; 38.20±0.60 mg/100 g) except cyanide (0.02±0.00 mg/100 g; 0.02±0.00 mg/100 g). Conclusion: The study showed that aluminium phosphide negatively affected the nutritional profile of A. hypogaea. Thus, the effect of aluminium phosphide should be further investigated in vivo.