Browsing by Author "Arinseh, Zephaniah Gimba"

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    ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE FACTORS ON THE IMAGE QUALITY OF A LOCAL PHANTOM RADIOGRAPHY
    (DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS FACULTY OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES NASSARAWA STATE UNIVERSITY, KEFFI, 2019-05-21) Arinseh, Zephaniah Gimba
    Image quality control as it applies to diagnostic radiology is an effort to ensure that the diagnostic images produced are sufficiently of high quality so that they can consistently provide adequate diagnostic information at the least possible exposure of radiation to the patient. In this dissertation work, the effects of exposure factors in the production of local phantom x-ray radiograph and the physical principles involved have been identified and discussed. In this dissertation, a local phantom is exposed to x-ray under varying exposure factors to obtain a suitable exposure factors that would give a quality image at a minimal radiation dose. The suitable exposure factors were found to be within the range 80-90kV, 10-20mAs and 100-120 cm FFD. The effect of exposure factors on the local phantom x-ray radiographs was determined by varying each factors of the exposure one after the other and keeping the remaining factors constant and for dose two TLDs were inserted in each of the probe holes to measure the dose absorb by the organ after which the TLDs were taken to Centre for Energy Research Training (CERT) Zaria for reading to get the readout dose absorbed and the mean dose from the two TLDs. After the experiment, it was confirmed that kilo-voltage (KV) affects the contrast of the radiograph while milliampere-seconds (mAs) affect the blackness of the radiograph. The mean absorbed dose by the organs from varying kV, are 0.36mSv brain, 0.21mSv eye lens, 0.42mSv thyroid, 0.25mSv heart, and 0.24 mSv lungs, for varying mAs, 0.40mSv brain, 0.25mSv eye lens, 0.43mSv thyroid 0.29mSv heart and 0.26 mSv lungs and for varying FFD (cm) 0.38 mSv brain, 0.31 mSv eye lens, 0.4 mSv thyroid, 0.26 mSv heart, and 0.25mSv lungs.