Browsing by Author "Amusan, A. S"

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    Evaluation of Polymorphisms at Heat Shock Protein 90 Gene by High Resolution Melting Assays for Potential Heat Tolerance among Nigerian Zebu Cattle Breeds
    (Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2020-03-14) Onasanya, Gbolabo O; Msalya, G.M; Thiruvenkadan, A.K; Sreekumar, C.; Tirumurugaan, G.K; Sanni, M.; Decampos, J.S; Amusan, A. S; Fafiolu, A.O; Olowofeso, Oladeji; Okpeku, M.; Yakubu, Abdulmojeed; Ikeobi, C.O.N
    Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 90 gene is a member of HSPs subfamily that act as molecular chaperons whenever animals come under thermal stress. The genes fulfill essential roles of providing cellular protection, immune response, protein synthesis, protein folding and unfolding, protection from cellular stress, inhibitory apoptosis and adaptation. This study was designed to analyze polymorphisms of HSP 90 and to evaluate their influence on heat tolerance among selected Nigerian zebu. The polymorphisms were also used to determine genetic relationship among the animals. About 450 bp of bovine HSP 90 including part of coding region in exon 3 was sequenced in 90 DNA samples representing four Nigerian zebu namely White Fulani (WF), Sokoto Gudali (SG), Red Bororo (RB) and Ambala (AM). Sequencing was done using an automated ABI-DNA Sequencer. Editing was accomplished using chromatogram analyses on SeqMan Ngen Tool. Rooted phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 5.2 software. In total, 11 genetic variants were determined. Five of these (PRP, RED, ORG, LMN and YLO) were major variants detected in over 70% of the samples. Six (6) were classified as minor variants detected in two breeds or less and in 29.1% of the samples. The GRN and NBL were only detected in RB and SG breeds respectively. We found a shared homology and common ancestral lineage among the breeds. Furthermore, the genetic structure of Nigerian zebu has a common clade architecture to those of goats, sheep, yak, buffalo, camel, horse and other taurines. The gene is conserved among wide range of animals and as such it can serve as one of bio-markers for selection and breeding programmes for thermotolerance in wide range of livestock animals under thermal stress. The variant groups could be further interrogated for possible specific effects on thermotolerance performance of zebu in hot tropical environments.
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    Molecular-based detection of sub-clinical African Trypanosoma vivax infection and its association with some selected serum biochemical references and blood electrolytes in four traditionally bred Nigerian native Sheep.
    (Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2018-09-12) Yakubu, Abdulmojeed; Onasanya, Gbolabo O; Sanni, Timothy M; Amusan, A. S; Decampos, J.S; Talabi, Adewale O.; Ozoje, M.O; Balogun, Joshua Babalola; Wheto, M.; Ikeobi, C.O.N
    Trypanosomosis remains a major challenge to livestock production in much of tropical Sub- Saharan Africa, while diagnosis and treatment still depends on inefficient parasitological techniques. Endemic infections of trypanosomosis depend on animal reservoirs with sub-clinical parasitemia. We report molecular diagnosis of sub-clinical Trypanosoma vivax (T. vivax) infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the first time in Nigerian sheep and associate parasite presence with gross physiological traits and biochemical references in extensively managed tropical sheep. PCR was used to amplify a 400 bp DNA fragment of the parasite genome in 161 sheep of both sexes across four geographical zones of Nigeria. Results showed a high sub-clinical infection rate (SCIR) of 73.9% in the total sheep investigated. Overall, SCIRs of 85.4%, 75%, 62.5% and 72.5% were recorded in Balami, West African Dwarf, Uda and Yankassa sheep, respectively; while geographical SCIRs were 73.5 % (South-West), 71.7 % (North-West), 73.5 % (North-East) and 88.0 % (North-Central). SCIRs of 73.5 % were found in ewes and 76.3 % in rams. T. vivax infection presence had a significant (p<0.05) effect on blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Alanine transaminase or Alanine aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) where infected sheep had a higher ALP levels of 242.24 +21.72 IU/dl than non-infected sheep (189.86 +10.77 IU/dl). Also T. vivax infected sheep had higher AST (185.92+13.90 IU/L) than non-infected counterparts (167.31+15.58 IU/L). Tropical sheep appear to be a fertile reservoir for T. vivax infection of other livestock. Molecular diagnosis of sub-clinical trypanosomosis using PCR-based assay is suitable for large scale epidemiological studies of trypanosomosis, early diagnosis of sub-clinical infection and treatment of the disease in extensively managed tropical sheep
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    SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM-BASE CHARACTERIZATION OF HSP 90A1A GENE IN SOME NIGERIAN CATTLE BREEDS.
    (Department of Animal Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2019-10-21) Onasanya, Gbolabo O; Thiruvenkadan, A.K; Sreekumar, C.; Tirumurugaan, G.K; Msalya, G.M; Sanni, Timothy M; Decampos, J.S; Amusan, A. S; Olowofeso, Oladeji; Fafiolu, A.O; Okpeku, M.; Yakubu, Abdulmojeed; Ikeobi, C.O.N
    Heat shock protein (HSP) 90 gene is a member of HSPs that act as molecular chaperons whenever animals come under thermal assault, they fulfill essential roles of providing cellular protection, immune response, protein synthesis, protein folding and unfolding, protection proteins from cellular stress, inhibitory apoptosis and adaptation during thermal assault. A total of ninety (90) adult bulls from across four extant breeds of Nigerian Zebu cattle comprising of White Fulani (25), Sokoto Gudali (21), Red Bororo (21) and Ambala (23) sampled from northern parts of Nigeria. Genomic DNA was extracted from 90 animal skin tissue samples and was subjected to polymerase chain analyses followed by sequencing of the PCR products for detection SNPs of HSP 90 gene in four Nigerian breeds of cattle. Single Nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the nucleotide sequences of four Nigerian bovine HSP90 gene of were visualised detected and bio-edited by chromatogram analyses using SeqMan Ngen Tool (DNASTARĀ®, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A). We pioneered a preliminary single nucleotide polymorphism study of HSP 90 gene for the first time in Nigerian zebu cattle. Sequence data detected 6 SNP loci within the coding region of exon 1 of HSP 90 gene which includes: 2 Indels (White Fulani: Del384C i.e. insertion of C at 384th base position and Red Bororo: Del355G i.e. insertion of G at 355th base position), 1 transversion (Sokoto Gudali: C112A) and 3 transitions (White Fulani: G390A, Red Bororo: T55C and C190T).We therefore, hypothesize that the detected SNPs should further be associated thermo-tolerance traits to unravel their possible effect on thermal-tolerance performance, adaptability and susceptibility of different Nigerian cattle breeds to environmental stress load and thermal assaults of tropical conditions