Browsing by Author "Ahmed, Bala I."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemUnknown
    An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of ECOWAS Trade Liberalisation Scheme on Economic Growth in Nigeria
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2021-06-08) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ahmed, Bala I.; Shitu, Shuaibu Umar
    This study empirically analyses the impact of ECOWAS Trade Liberalisation Scheme (ETLS) on Economic Growth in Nigeria for the period 1990 -2018. Data from the CBN Statistical Bulletin and ECOWAS annual year book were used for the study.while the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag Model (ARDL) was employed to analyse the data. The findings reveal that ETLS is statistically significant in stimulating economic growth in Nigeria in both the long and short run for the period under review. Diagnostic tests confirm that the model is free from serial correlation, with residuals normally distributed. The CUSUM and CUSUMSQ show that the model is structurally stable while the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) indicates that once there is disequilibrium in the system, it takes an average (high) speed of 42.6% to adjust itself back towards long-run equilibrium level. The study recommends that Nigerian government must as a matter of urgency come up with policies and programmes that will make Nigeria a key player in the effective implementation of the ECOWAS Trade Liberalization Scheme so as to stimulate economic growth and also the need to strengthen the mechanisms and streamline the procedures involved in the ETLS to be able to improve the intra-ECOWAS trade to desired levels as well as Nigeria should also initiate the process of the review of the ETLS Protocols in line with current realities and happenings in the trade arena such as the AFCFTA negotiation ongoing in the African Continent.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Towards understanding relationships of demand and supply of transportation services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja-Nigeria
    (Department of Economics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi., 2019-12-25) Ibrahim, Abdul; Salihu, Habibu Muhammed-Gani; Ahmed, Bala I.
    This paper assessed the relationships between transport supply and demand. The basic objective of this paper is to explore and to elaborate the fundamental characteristics of transport supply and demand, the factors that determine the transport supply and demand in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. This paper adopted a survey research method andilt was observed that price changes not only affect the level of transport demand but can also lead to shifts of demand to other routes, alternative transport modes and or other time periods and the result revealed that there is an inverse relationship between supply and demand of transport services, if transport costs are high, demand is low as the consumers of a transport service (either freight or passengers) are less likely to use it. If transport costs are low, the demand would be high as users would get more services for the same cost. If costs are high, transport providers would be willing to supply high quantities of services since high profits are likely to arise under such circumstances. If costs are low, the quantity of transport services would be low as many providers would see little benefits operating at a loss. Based on result, we recommend that transportation yield management should be put in place to address this inverse relationship between supply and demand for transport service in the FCT.