Browsing by Author "Abimiku, Rejoice Helma"

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    Antimicrobial Resistance profile of Escherichia coli from Urine of Patients in Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Medical Services, Abuja, Nigeria
    (Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-05-13) Bassey, A.; Istifanus, Haruna Nkene; Bassey, B.E.; Abimiku, Rejoice Helma; Parom, S.K.; Ngwai, Y.B.
    Escherichia coli (E. coli) is among the most predominant organisms causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans. Studies on antimicrobial resistance in E. coli from urine of patients in Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Medical Services, Abuja, Nigeria was carried out. Exactly 362 urine samples of patients with suspected UTIs were collected and E. coli was isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was carried out and interpreted in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol. Of the 362 urine samples, the occurrence of E. coli was 45(12.4%); highest age-related occurrence at 21-30yrs of 18(20.5%); and higher in female (15.6%) than male (7.6%). The 45 isolates had highest resistance to ampicillin 43(95.6%) and lowest resistance to gentamicin 13(28.9%). All the 45 isolates were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) isolates with MAR indices of > 0.2, and the commonest indices being 0.6 and 0.7 with 10(22.2%) and 8(17.8%) occurrences respectively. The order of occurrence of categories of antibiotic resistance in the 45 isolates was: multi-drug resistance (66.7%) > extensive drug resistance (17.8%) > non-multidrug resistance (13.3%) > pan drug resistance (2.2%). A further study on molecular diversity of the antimicrobial resistant E. coli from urine in the study location is ongoing. 1926
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    GENETIC RELATEDNESS OF ESBL AND NON-ESBL SALMONELLA TYPHIMURUM ISOLATED FROM POULTRY BIRDS AND POULTRY HANDLERS IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.
    (Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2020-09-11) Ibrahim, T.; Ngwai, Y.B.; Ishaleku, P.A.; Istifanus, Haruna Nkene; Abimiku, Rejoice Helma
    Multidrug resistant salmonellosis infection is an important global public health problem particularly in sub- Saharan Africa, where it commonly manifests as gastroenteritis and/or bloodstream infections in both children and adults. Salmonella Typhimurium has a broad-host-range and poultry birds are an important reservoir. The unrestricted use of Beta-lactams has generated resistance through a gene encoded Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzyme production, which impedes the successful therapy of infections. This study aims at investigating the genetic relatedness of ESBL and non-ESBL S. Typhimurium strains isolated from humans and Poultry birds. A total of 19 S. Typhimurium isolated from Poultry (droppings, flesh, feeds) and handlers (feces, hand swabs) in a previous study were used. These had earlier been identified using pre-enrichment and selective enrichment culture media. Further identification was carried out using conventional biochemical screening tests and slide serology tests using polyvalent antisera. Antibiotic susceptibility testing including the Double Disk Synergy test (DDST) for screening of ESBL production was carried out as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. This study also employed the PCR-RFLP method which involves the simple restriction digestion of purified 16S rRNA of Salmonella and variation in the banding patterns revealed their genetic relatedness. All the strains were found to share identical molecular base profiles hence are genetically related variants. The selective pressure due to antibiotic mismanagement in Poultry farming is the likely trigger of ESBL production observed to occur only among the S. Typhimurium strains from poultry origin. This calls for a holistic approach in antibiotic stewardship.
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    Molecular diversity of multi-resistant and extended–spectrum beta lactamase– producing Escherichia coli from door handles in Lafia, central Nigeria
    (Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2019-07-13) Tsaku, P.A.; Ibrahim, T.; Istifanus, Haruna Nkene; Abimiku, Rejoice Helma; David, Ishaleku; Pennap, Grace Rinmecit; Ngwai, Y.B.
    Human hands have been implicated as a major source of dissemination of pathogenic microorganisms through fomites. This study investigated the diversity of ESBL-producing in E. coli isolates from door handles using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). An occurrence of 77(19.25%) of E. coli out of 400 samples was recovered from different locations. The study of antibiotics resistance showed that ampicillin, ceftazidime, and streptomycin were predominantly resistant. Multiple antibiotics resistance index of ≥0.3 was recorded in 73(94.81%) of the isolates. A total of 40 resistant phenotypes were observed in this study, with AMP-AUG-CAZ-CRO-S-CIP-SXT-TE-C being the commonest. Twenty isolates were characterised as Multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes, followed by, pan drug resistance (PDR) and extensive resistance (XDR) phenotypes recorded in 12 and 8 isolates respectively. Thirty-six (36) ESBL-producers were identified out of which 14 harboured blaTEM, while 5 and 9 were carriers of blaSHV and blaCTX-M respectively. Most of the isolates shared a common origin, as revealed by result of the RFLP. The outcome of this study suggests the need for improved personal hygiene and the need for all stakeholders to be proactive in curtailing the spread of resistant pathogens.