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Browsing Articles by Author "Ahom, R.I."
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Item Open Access Dynamics Of Weed Flora In Speargrass (Imperata Cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel) Dominated Fallow As Influenced By Chemical Weed Control And Row Spacing In Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr).(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2009-01-01) Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Avav, T.; Magani, E.I.; Ahom, R.I.Two Field trials were conducted at Ijorimenger and Asukunya in Tarka Local Government Area of Benue State (07o 14 N, 08o 37 E), in 2007 and 2008 cropping seasons, with the objective to determine the influence of chemical herbicides and row spacing on the control of speargrass and population dynamics of weed flora. Pretillage glyphosate at the rate of 2.16 kg a.i/ha followed by hoe weeding at 6 WAP and fluazifop-p-butyl at the rate of 0.25 kg a.i/ha followed by hoe weeding at 6 WAP significantly reduced speargrass density compared with hoe weeding control at 3 and 6 WAP. A total of 22 and 16 weed species were found under fallow and in the soil. The weed flora at preharvest of soybean, was dominated by Ageratum conyzoides (L.) and Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour ), which thrived in plots treated with postemergence fluazifop-p-butyl at the rate of 0.25 kg a.i/ha and pretillage glyphosate at the rate of 2.16 kg a.i/ha respectively. The preponderance of weeds not found under fallow but which emerged after disturbance indicated that there was a change in weed flora composition and density. These results suggest that the use of pretillage glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.16 and 0.25 kg a.i/ha respectively followed by hoe weeding at 6 WAP was effective in suppressing speargrass seedling emergence and change in weed flora composition.Item Open Access Effects of Seed Treatments With Parkia biglobosa Products and Post-Emergence Herbicides On The Control of Striga hermonthica In Maize(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2011-06-02) Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Magani, E.I.; Ahom, R.I.; Shave, P.A.Two field trials were conducted in 2008 and 2009 cropping seasons to assess the effects of soaking maize seeds in Parkia products (pre-sowed treatment) and post-emergence application of herbicides in the control of Striga hermonthica. The experiments were laid out in a split plot design with three replications in the two locations. Three Striga control methods consisting of post-emergence application of Triclopyr, 2, 4-D and a hoe-weeded check (at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing) formed the main plot treatment, while the soaking of maize seeds in Parkia fruit powder suspension, Parkia seed powder suspension and distilled water (as control) were the sub-plot treatments, respectively.Soaking of maize seeds in Parkia based products delayed the emergence of Striga up 50 and 45 days after sowing (DAS), respectively when compared to the use of distilled water. Generally, the number of maize plants infested with Striga was higher in 2008 and at Makurdi when compared to 2008 at Lafia location. Maize seeds soaked for 20 minutes before planting in Parkia based products suspension resulted in significantly fewer number of maize plants infected with Striga/shoot count as compared to those soaked in distilled water. In the Striga control methods, the highest and lowest maize grain yields were obtained in plots treated with POE application of Triclopyr at the rate of 0.36kga.i/ha and the hoe-weeded check, respectively.Item Open Access EVALUATION OF ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF VELVETBEAN (MUCLI COCHINCHIENSIS (WIGHT) BURCK) ON GERMINATION AM) GROWTH OF AT GA HERMIHICA (DEL.) BENTH.(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2014-12-12) Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Magani, E.I.; Ahom, R.I.Item Open Access IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL AND POTENCY OF ALLELOCHEMICALS IN VELVETBEAN COCHINCHINESIS (WIGHT) BURCK) FOR THE CONTROL OF STRIGA HERMONTHICA (DEL.) BENTE(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2014-01-03) Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Magani, E.I.; Ahom, R.I.The experiment was cot ducted 1 the Toxicology laboratory. Faculty 0Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia؛ Sc d ng, Malaysia in 1013, The study was to identify plant growth-inhibitory cotnpounds in ا . cochinchinensis م a 0 clarifying the weed-suppressing effect o f this plant. The treatments consisted o f five concentrations (100, 75. 50. 25. ٠ ppnt); pla٦٦t parts (leaf, root, seed) and extraction solvents (methanol, water) were replicated three times and arranged as a completely randomi ed block (CRD) design, in all the treatments, inhibition from root u w greater than from leaves. The seed extract showed less inhibition. Six phenolic/fiavonone compounds including gallic acid, cajfeic acid, L-dopa, tyrosine, quercetin and isovitexin were isolated and identified in velvetbean leaves, root and seed. Concentration of these phenolic compounds in root was higher than in the leaves. These compounds showed different degrees o f inhibition against Striga hermonthica and therefore results in the stronger allelopathic activity o f M. cocb cin-ensiSi The identification o f these substances might provide cliemical basis for the development o f bio-herbicides for environmentally friendly sustainable agricultural systems.Item Open Access INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF PARASITIC PLANT Striga hermonthica IN MAIZE USING Fusarium oxysporum (MYCOHERBICIDE) AND POST-EMERGENCE HERBICIDES IN THE NIGERIAN SAVANNA(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2011-11-11) Magani, E.I.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Ahom, R.I.The efficacy of a granular mycoherbicide formulation based on Fusarium oxysporum and post-emergence herbicides for the control Striga hermonthica was evaluated. Four fungal treatments were used: F. oxysporum followed by 2, 4-D, F. oxysporum followed by supplementary hoe weeding, F. oxysporum followed by Triclopyr and a control (No F. oxysporum) in two maize varieties (Across 97 TZL and farmer’s local variety). The maize variety Across 97 TZL significantly delayed the emergence of Striga as compared to the farmer’s local. The highest number of maize plant infected with Striga/shoot count was recorded at Makurdi and the farmer’s local variety. Similarly, in the Striga control methods, the hoe- weeded check recorded significantly more Striga/shoot count when compared to all other control treatments. Highest maize grain yields were obtained in 2009; at Makurdi; Across 97 TZL and plots that received F. oxysporum followed by post-emergence application of either Triclopyr, 2,4-D each at 0.36 kg active ingredient/ha.Item Open Access INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF THE PARASITIC PLANT (STRIGA HERMONTHICA) IN MAIZE USING PARKIA BIGLOBOSA BASED PRODUCTS AND POST-EMERGENCY HERBICIDE IN THE NIGERIAN SAVANNA(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2010-09-09) Magani, E.I.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Ahom, R.I.Two trials ه رر conducted in 2008 and 2009 wet seasons to assess the effect of maize seeds soaked (as a pre-plant treatment) in Parkia based products and post- emergence herbicides in the suppressive effect of striga hermonthica in maize. The experiments were !aid out in 2 sp lit- plot design with three replications in the two locations. The main plot treatments consist of three striga control methods: post-emergence (POE) Tridopyr, 2, 4-0 (each at the rate of 0.36 kg a.i/ha) and a hoe-weeded check at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing ( ! ى the sub-piot treatments were made of seeds soaked for 20 minutes prior to planting in Parkia fruit powder, Parkia seed powder suspensions and distilled water as control, respectively. In the two years, 2009 delayed the emergence of striga by 46 days after sowing (DAS) as compared to 2008 (48 DAS). Similarly, Makurdi delayed the striga ?mergence by 45 DAS than that of 42 DAS. Generally, maize soaked in Parkia based products (fruit and seed powder) delayed the emergence by 50 and 45 DAS, respectively than the distilled water (36 DAS). Generally, seeds soaked in Parkia products resulted in significantly reduced Striga shoots as compared to the highest recorded in distilled water throughout the period of observation. Similarly, in the striga control methods, the POE application of either Tridopyr or 2, 4- D each at the rate of 0.36 kg a.i/ha resulted in significantly reduced Striga shoots as compared to the hoe- weeded check. Maize grain yield was significantly higher with all treatments of Parkia based products as compared to distilled water check. In the striga control methods, the highest and lowest maize grain yields were obtained by the POE applied Tridopyr at the rate of 0,36 kg a.i/ha and the hoe-weeded check, respectively. The Parkia fruit powder and fruit peel are by- products, after processing of Parkia beans, thus can easily be sourced. This implies that farmers could continue this practice in combination with POE application of herbicides (Tridopyr or 2, 44- D) for the control ofS. hermonthica in maize.Item Open Access The Role of Biological Control in Integrated Management of in Maize Striga Hermonthica (Zea Mays L.)(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2011-04-05) Magani, E.I.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Ahom, R.I.The two trials were conducted in 2008 and 2009 wet seasons to evaluate the efficient of a combination of granular mycoherbicide formulation applied pre-plant and post-emergence herbicides for the control of Striga hermonthica in maize. Four fungal treatments used were: Fusarium oxysporum followed by 2, 4-D, F. oxsyporum followed by supplementary hoe weeding, F. oxysporum followed by Triclopyr and a control (No. F. oxysporum but hoe- weeded). The two maize varieties (Across 97 TZL and farmer's local variety) formed the main plot treatments, while the Striga fungal treatments formed the sub- plot treatments. The experiments were laid out in the split-plot design with three replications in the two locations. Early emergence of Striga were recorded in 2008; Makurdi and with the farmer's local maize variety when compared to 2009; Lafia and cultivar Across 97 TZL in the different Striga control methods, the hoe weeded check resulted in early of Striga as compared to all plots that received F. oxysporum . Throughout the period of observation, the year 2008; Makurdi; farmer's local variety and the hoe-weeded check recorded the highest number of maize plants infected with Striga/ shoot count as compared to their corresponding treatments. Higher maize grain yields were obtained in 2009 and at Makurdi location. The variety Across 97 TZL produced higher grain than that of the farmers' local variety. In the Striga control methods, the hoe weeded check resulted in lower grain yield as compared to plots that received F. oxysporum followed by (fb) post -emergence (POE) Triclopyr 2,4 D each at the rate of 0.36 kg a.i/ha or supplementary hoe- weeding (SHW)Item Open Access Sustainable Control of Striga Hermonthica in Maize (Zea Mays L.) By the Use of Parkia Biglobosa Based Products and Post-emergence Herbicides(Department of Agronomy, Nasarawa State University Keffi, 2010-10-10) Magani, E.I.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi Jaji; Ahom, R.I.Two trials were conducted in 2008 and 2009 cropping seasons with the principal objective of assessing the effects of maize seeds with Parkia (Parkia biglobosa) fruit and seed powder Pre-sowing treatment and post-emergence application of herbicides in the control of Striga hermonthica in the Nigerian Savanna. Three Striga control methods consisting of post-emergence (POE) Triclopyr, 2, 4-D (each at the rate of 0.36 kg a.i/ha) and a hoe-weeded check at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) formed the main plot treatment, while the maize seed soaking (Soaking for 20 minutes in Parkia fruit powder suspension, Parkia seed powder suspension and distilled water as control) were the sub-plot treatments, respectively. The experiments were laid out in a split-plot design with three replications in the two locations. Maize seeds soaked in distilled water initiated early emergence of Striga by 36 days after sowing (DAS), as compared to those soaked in Parkia fruit and seed powder suspensions by 50 and 45 DAS, respectively. Generally, the number of maize plants infested with Striga was higher in 2008 and at Lafia. Maize seeds soaked for 20 minutes before planting in Parkia based products suspension (fruit and seed powder) resulted in significantly fewer number of maize plants infected with Striga/shoot count as compared to those soaked in distilled water (check). Similarly, post- emergence (POE) application of either Triclopyr or 2, 4-D at the rate of 0.36 kg a.i/ha each resulted in fewer number of maize plants infected/shoot count of Striga as compared to the hoe-weeded check. All treatments that received Parkia based products significantly increased maize grain yield than the distilled water soaking; while the Striga control methods differed significantly in terms of maize grain yield, following the order hoe-weeded check